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Q: 131I undergoes beta-minus decay with a subsequent gamma emission from the daughter nucleus. Iodine…

A: Given: The mass of the thyroid gland is m=0.15 kg. The energy receive by patient is E1=0.050 mCi.…

Q: Suppose that 10 kg of this waste is plutonium-239, which has a half-life of 24,100 years, and an…

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Q: In 1991, German tourists discovered the well-preserved remains of a man, now called “Ötzi the…

A: When scientists date a sample it is essential that the isotope which is used to date the sample…

Q: How much energy is needed to remove a neutron from a 236^U nucleus? Is this energy greater or less…

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Q: How much is the mass of the sample in grams of Po-218 that has an activity of 5.00 x 1019 Bq? The…

A: Given Activity = rate of disintegration = 5 × 1019 Bq = 5 × 1019 disintegration/second Half life =…

Q: The Curiosity rover sent to explore the surface of Mars has an electric generator powered by heat…

A: The expression for half-life of plutonium is Here, λ is disintegration constant. Substitute the…

Q: A beam of 168 MeV nitrogen nuclei is used for radiotherapy. If this beam delivers a 2.00 Sv dose to…

A: Given: Energy of beam (E) = 168 MeV. Of nitrogen nuclie. Relative biological effectiveness (R.B.E.)…

Q: How much energy is needed to remove a neutron from a 236^U nucleus? Is this energy greater or less…

A: Given: nucleus = U236 we have to calculate energy required to remove one neutron from U236 Start by…

Q: Deuterium, H, undergoes fusion according to the following reaction 担+担→江+X The following data are…

A: Given Data: B.E./nucleon, B.E./nucleon,   Reaction:

Q: (a) the initial activity in curies | µCi (b) the number of radium nuclei remaining after 4.3x10 yr…

A: Step:1∙The half  life of radioactive  nucleus  22688Ra  is 1.6×103year∙Initial  No. of  nuclei…

Q: 7. (a) The binding energy per particle in MeV as a function of the mass number of a nucleus has been…

A: Scenario - The curve of binding energy(B.E) per particle and mass number is shown by a histogram.…

Q: It is estimated that the total explosive yield of all thenuclear bombs in existence currently is…

A: The energy of the bombs in joules is Convert joules to kilowatt-hour.

Q: U-235 has a half-life of about 700 million years. What does this say about the likelihood of fission…

A: Given: U-235 has a half-life of about 700 million years. What does this say about the likelihood of…

Q: Because of the 1986 explosion and fire in a reactor at theChernobyl nuclear power plant in northern…

A: Assume that the area is 1m2. Here, 1×1016Bq is spread uniformly over an area of 2.6×105km2, in 1m2…

Q: RADIOACTIVITY. LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY Activity units: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 Bq 1. Nuclear decay law: N…

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Q: The activity of a sample of a radioisotope at some time is 10.5 mCi and 0.46 h later it is 7.00 mCi.…

A: Initial activity of isotope is Ro = 10.5 mCi Activity after some time is R = 7.00 mCi Time elapsed…

Q: Find the energy released in the fission reaction

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Q: Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 8:125. What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?

A: The nuclear radius is calculated by using the formula R=R0A13 , where R0=1.2×10-15 m is the constant…

Q: To destroy a cancerous tumor, a dose of gamma radiation totaling an energy of 2.12 J is to be…

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Q: How many scientific years can a 6.60 W LED lamp light up with 0.781 kg of deuterium if 26.2% of the…

A: Given Data: LED power, P=6.60 W Deuterium mass, mH12=0.781 kg Electrical energy amount, E=26.2 % of…

Q: The Curiosity rover sent to explore the surface of Mars has an electric generator powered by heat…

A:

Q: One of the hazards of nuclear explosions is the generation of 90Sr and its subsequent incorporation…

A: Given: The half life is t=28.1 years. The energy is E=0.55 MeV. The amount radioactive material of…

Q: A reaction that has been considered as a source of energy is the absorption of a proton by a boron -…

A: Formula to the total energy released is,

Q: A by-product of some fission reactors is the isotope 94239Pu, which is an alpha emitter with a…

A: Formula to calculate the number of Pu nuclei present is,

Q: Francium-223 has a half-life of 21.80 min. How many nuclei are initially present in a 25.0-mg sample…

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Q: How much energy is needed to remove a neutron from a 236^U nucleus? Is this energy greater or less…

A:

Q: For the nuclear force to overcome the repulsive Coulomb force, the separation distance between two…

A: a) The potential energy associated with two deuterons is,

Q: Draw a plot of the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number for a large number of…

A: Draw a plot of the  for a large number of nuclei, 2 ≤ A ≤ 240. How do you explain the constancy of…

Q: How many years can a 7.93 W LED lamp light up with 0.735 kg deuterium if 23.41% of the released…

A: Energy released in fusion reaction of two deuterium nuclei = U= 3.27×106 eV Energy converted into…

Q: The thermal energy generated when radiation from radionuclides is absorbed in matter can serve as…

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Q: A patient receives a dose of radiation by ingesting a radioactive medication containing 32P, which…

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Q: A tumor is exposed to a beam of protons containing 2.6 × 1010 protons. If 25% of the beam energy is…

A: The total energy of the beam will be the product of the number of protons and the energy of a single…

Q: A proposed nuclear reactor facility will have an electrical power output of 908 MW with a 31.3%…

A: efficiency=output powerinput power=electrical powernuclear power Here electrical power=908 MW &…

Q: Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1: 8. What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?

A: The relation between the mass number and the radius is  R =Ro A13 where, Ro is constant, R is the…

Q: Why can heavy nuclei with odd numbers of neutrons be induced to fission with thermal neutrons,…

A: Thermal fission occurs in transuranic elements whose nuclei contain odd numbers of neutrons. Fission…

Q: To destroy a cancerous tumor, a dose of gamma radiation totaling an energy of 2.12 J is to be…

A:

Q: Which of the following formula is used to calculate the decay constant A which is related to the…

A: Given data:  Decay constant = λ The half-life (t1/2) = T Required: The decay constant λ in terms of…

Q: Which of the following is true of the number of alpha and beta particles produced?

A: Correct option is ( B ) Detailed explanation  is in next step .

Q: What is the ratio of the radius of 58 Ni to that of 258 Ha ,one of the largest nuclei ever made?…

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Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions are processes in which the fundamental characteristics of a nucleus changes. They change into a completely different nucleus. These processes occur naturally in an unstable nucleus. Bombarding an energetic particle can induce nuclear reactions.  In this article, both the naturally occurring nuclear reactions are termed as radioactive decay and the induced nuclear reactions are further categorized as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.