Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 30, Problem 2P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Determine which amino acid will be incorporated into the polypeptide product. And what will be relative abundances of these amino acids in the product.
Concept Introduction:
Amino acids are compounds containing amino as well as acidic group. The general molecular structure of an amino acid is as follows:
Here, R is different group for different amino acids. If there is more than one amino group present in an amino acid, they are considered as basic amino acids and if there is more than one carboxylic group then they are considered as acidic amino acids.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
2a) In prokaryotes, a small ribosomal subunit can potentially get on an mRNA anywhere it can find enough space to do so. Once a small ribosomal subunit has bound to an mRNA, it will scan along that mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction looking for a start codon at which to initiate translation. How does the small ribosomal subunit distinguish a start codon from any other AUG codon that simply codes for methionine in the middle of a coding sequence?
15. Cellular proteins are oftentimes post-translationally modified. Choose one of the following PTMs: N-linked glycosylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, or GPI-anchor. Clearly indicate your choice, then address the following:
(a) How is the PTM attached to the protein of interest? At which amino acid residue(s)? What enzyme(s) is involved, if any?
(b) Is the PTM relatively stable or highly dynamic? Explain. How does the PTM become detached from the protein of interest? What enzyme(s) is involved, if any?
(c) What is the function of the PTM? Provide one specific example.
Original sequence:
Consider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start):
5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’
Question:
4) In a mutant you discovered that the underlined nucleotide has been deleted. What would the resulting peptide sequence be? What type of mutation is this?
5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3
Chapter 30 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - The Second Genetic Code Review the evidence...Ch. 30 - Codon-Anticodon Recognition: Base-Pairing...Ch. 30 - Consequences of the Wobble Hypothesis Point out...Ch. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - The Consequences of Ribosome Complexity Eukaryotic...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Codon-Anticodon Recognition: Base-Pairing Possibilities (Integrates with Chapter 11.) Draw base-pair structures for (a) a G:C base pair. (b) a C:G base pair. (C) a G:U base pair, and (d) a U:G base pair. Note how these various base pairs differ in the potential hydrogen-bonding patterns they present within the major groove and minor groove of a double-helical nucleic acid.arrow_forwardAlternative Splicing Possibilities Suppose exon 17 were deleted from the fast skeletal muscle troponin T gene (Figure 29.46). How many different mRNAs could now be generated by alternative splicing? Suppose that exon 7 in a wild-type troponin T gene were duplicated. How many different mRNAs might be generated from a transcript of this new gene by alternative splicing?arrow_forwardExploring the Structure of the 30S Ribosomal Subunit Go to www.pdh.org and bring up PDB file 1GIX, which shows the 30S ribosomal subunit, the three tRNAs, and mRNA. In the box on the right titled ‘Biological Assembly.� click “More Images.� and then scroll down to look at the Interactive Vic By moving your cursor over the image, you can rotate it to view it from any perspective. a. How are the ribosomal proteins represented in the image? b. How is the 16S rRNA portrayed? c. Rotate the image to see how the tRNAs stick out from the structure. Which end of the tRNA is sticking out? d. Where will these ends of the tRNAs lie when the 50S subunit binds to this complex?arrow_forward
- Translation What are the stop/nonsense codons? How is the growing polypeptide released from the ribosomal assembly?arrow_forwardGTTTTCACTGGCGAGCGTCATCTTCCTACT 1. Identify the gene from which the query sequence originates (Name of the gene)2. Provide the FULL protein sequence encoded by the gene.3. Are different splice variants known for this gene?4. What human disease has been connected to this gene?5. Calculate molecular weight (kiloDalton, kD) and calculated pI (the pH where theprotein carries no net electrical charge) of the protein.6. Provide the reference (in proper reference form: Author; Year; Title; JournalName; Volume; Page Numbers) for a recent publication involving the identifiedgene. This reference should NOT be a web page reference.7. Are there homologs for the identified gene in other systems? Identify one homolog in an invertebrate system (if there is none, provide a vertebratehomolog).8. What is the function (e.g. transcriptional regulation, transmembrane signaling,kinase, protease, etc.) of the protein(s) encoded by the gene.9. Generate a FULL protein sequence alignment for one of the…arrow_forwardSequence: CCACCTGTACCCGGACACACCCTGGTGTCC 1. Identify the gene from which the querysequence originates (Name of gene) 2. Provide the FULLprotein sequence encoded by the gene. 3. Are different splice variants known for this gene? 4. What human disease has been connected to this gene? 5. Calculate molecular weight (kiloDalton, kD) and calculated pI (the pH where the protein carries no net electrical charge) of the protein.arrow_forward
- The average molecular weight of a protein in the cell is about 30,000 daltons. A few proteins, however, are much larger. the largest known polypeptide chain made by any cell is a protein called titin (made by mammalian muscle cells), and it has a molecular weight of 3,000,000 daltons. estimate how long it will take a muscle cell to translate an mRNA coding for titin (assume the average molecular weight of an amino acid to be 120, and a translation rate of two amino acids per second for eukaryotic cells).arrow_forwardIn the absence of cladosporin, explain the elongation steps in the synthesis of lysyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme or protein in bacterial cells by including any elongation factors, base pairing of codon/anticodon, any conformational shift, proofreading, any hydrolysis, exchange, ribosomal subunits involved, charged tRNA, peptide bond formed. This question does not require a super long in depth answer, a short to the point answer is preferred if possible. Thank you!arrow_forwardAssume that the translational error frequency, δ, is 1 x 10–4.(a) Calculate the probability of making a perfect protein of 100 residues.(b) Repeat for a 1000-residue protein.arrow_forward
- From this overall anticodon sequence in tRNA, 3'-CAUCGGAAUAGAUCGCUAGUGGCAGGCAUAAUGAUCACCGGUCUGAGAAAAGUGGUACAUAUCAAC-5' What is the amino acid sequence that will be coded for using ONE-letter amino acid code starting from N-terminus to C-terminus and using THREE-letter amino acid code starting from N-terminus to C-terminusarrow_forward3. (i) Referring to the genetic code (the codon usage table), what would be the amino acidsequence of the polypeptide encoded by the following mRNA sequence?5’ AUGGUGGCCUAUCAUUAGGGGCUU 3’(ii) What would be the effect on translation of the above sequence of a single base (point)mutation which gave rise to an A instead of a U at the twelfth base?(iii) What would be the effect on translation of the sequence in (i) above, if an extra Cwere inserted between the third and fourth bases, i.e., between the two Gs at position 3and 4?arrow_forwardRNA transcription reach low error rate under non-equilibrium steady state, what is the energy source to drive transcription ?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
QCE Biology: Introduction to Gene Expression; Author: Atomi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7hydUtCIJk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY