College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 31, Problem 18CQ
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A standard nuclear power plant generates 3.0 GWGW of thermal power from the fission of 235U235U. Experiments show that, on average, 0.19 uu of mass is lost in each fission of a 235U235U nucleus.
How many kilograms of 235U235U undergo fission each year in this power plant?
Express your answer in kilograms per year.
The atomic mass of 14C is 14.003242 u. (a) Can the β- decay of 14C occur spontaneously? Explain. What is the value of the disintegration energy Q? The atomic masses of 14N (Z=7) and of 14B (Z=5) are respectively, 14.003074 u and 14.025404 u. (b) What becomes of this energy Q?
A particular rock is thought to be 234 million years old. If it contains 4.84 mg of 238U, how much 206 Pb should it contain? Assume 238U decays directly to 206PB with a half-life of 4.47 × 109 y.
Chapter 31 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 31 - Suppose the range for 5.0 MeVa ray is known to be...Ch. 31 - What is the difference between (rays and...Ch. 31 - Ionizing radiation interacts with matter by...Ch. 31 - What characteristics of radioactivity show it to...Ch. 31 - What is the source of the energy emitted in...Ch. 31 - Consider Figure 31.3. If an electric field is...Ch. 31 - Explain how an (particle can have a larger range...Ch. 31 - Arrange the following according to their ability...Ch. 31 - Often, when people have to work around radioactive...Ch. 31 - Is it possible for light emitted by a scintillator...
Ch. 31 - The weak and strong nuclear forces are basic to...Ch. 31 - Define and make clear distinctions between the...Ch. 31 - What are isotopes? Why do different isotopes of...Ch. 31 - Star Trek fans have often heard the term...Ch. 31 - What conservation law requires an electron’s...Ch. 31 - Neutrinos are experimentally determined to have an...Ch. 31 - What do the three types of beta decay have in...Ch. 31 - In a 3109 yearold rock that originally contained...Ch. 31 - Does the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample...Ch. 31 - Radioactivity depends on the nucleus and not the...Ch. 31 - Explain how a bound system can have less mass than...Ch. 31 - Spontaneous radioactive decay occurs only when the...Ch. 31 - To obtain the most precise value of BE from the...Ch. 31 - How does the finite range of the nuclear force...Ch. 31 - Why is the number of neutrons greater than the...Ch. 31 - A physics student caught breaking conservation...Ch. 31 - When a nucleus (decays, does the (particle move...Ch. 31 - The energy of 30.0 eV is required to ionize a...Ch. 31 - A particle of ionizing radiation creates 4000 ion...Ch. 31 - (a) Repeat Exercise 31.2, and convert the energy...Ch. 31 - Suppose a particle of ionizing radiation deposits...Ch. 31 - Verify that a 2.31017kg mass of water at normal...Ch. 31 - Find the length of a side of a cube having a mass...Ch. 31 - What is the radius of an (particle?Ch. 31 - Find the radius of a 238Pu nucleus. 238Pu is a...Ch. 31 - (a) Calculate the radius of 58Ni, one of the most...Ch. 31 - The unified atomic mass unit is defined to be...Ch. 31 - What is the ratio of the velocity of a (particle...Ch. 31 - If a 1.50cmthick piece of lead can absorb 90.0% of...Ch. 31 - The detail observable using a probe is limited by...Ch. 31 - (a) Show that if you assume the average nucleus is...Ch. 31 - What is the radio of the velocity of a 5.00MeV...Ch. 31 - (a) What is the kinetic energy in MeV of a ray...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - In the following eight problems, write the...Ch. 31 - decay producing 137Ba. The parent nuclide is a...Ch. 31 - ( decay producing 90Y. The parent nuclide is a...Ch. 31 - decay producing 228Ra. The parent nuclide is...Ch. 31 - decay producing 208Pb. The parent nuclide is in...Ch. 31 - When an electron and position annihilate, both...Ch. 31 - Confirm That charge, electron family number, and...Ch. 31 - Confirm that charge, electron family number, and...Ch. 31 - Confirm that charge, electron family number, and...Ch. 31 - Confirm that charge, electron family number, and...Ch. 31 - A rare decay mode has been observed in which 222Ra...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete a decay equation for 226Ra....Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete a decay equation for 249Cf....Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete decay equation for the...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete decay equation for 90Sr,...Ch. 31 - Calculate the energy released in the + decay of...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete + decay equation for llC....Ch. 31 - (a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete reaction equation for...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the complete reaction equation for...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - Data from the appendices and the periodic table...Ch. 31 - 2H is a loosely hound isotope of hydrogen. Called...Ch. 31 - 56Feis among the most tightly bound of all...Ch. 31 - 209Bi is the heaviest stable nuclide, and its BE/A...Ch. 31 - (a) Calculate BE/A for 235U, the rarer of the two...Ch. 31 - (a) Calculate BE/A for 12C. Stable and relatively...Ch. 31 - The fact that BE/A is greatest for A near 60...Ch. 31 - The purpose of this problem is to show in three...Ch. 31 - Unreasonable Results A particle physicist...Ch. 31 - Derive an approximate relationship between the...Ch. 31 - Integrated Concepts A 2.00T magnetic ?eld is...Ch. 31 - (a) Write the decay equation for the decay of...Ch. 31 - Unreasonable Results The relatively scarce...Ch. 31 - Unreasonable Results A physicist scatters (rays...Ch. 31 - Unreasonable Results A frazzled theoretical...Ch. 31 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider the decay of...
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Similar questions
- The theory of nuclear astrophysics is that all the heavy elements like uranium are formed in the interior of massive stars. These stars eventually explode, releasing the elements into space. If we assume that at the time of explosion there were equal amounts of 235U and 238U, how long ago were the elements that formed our Earth released, given that the present 235U/238U ratio is 0.007? (The half-lives of 235U and 238U are 0.70 x 109 yr and 4.47 x 109 yr, respectively.)arrow_forwardA particular rock is thought to be 260 million years old. If it contains 3.70 mg of 238U, how much 206Pb should it contain?arrow_forwardCalculate the energy Er, in megaelectronvolts (MeV), released in the following nuclear fission reaction: Cm(250) + n → Se(92) + Sm(153) + 6n The atomic masses are Cm(250)=250.078357 u, Se(92)=91.949926 u, and Sm(153)=152.922097 u. Er = ? MeVarrow_forward
- Calculate the energy released in the following spontaneous fission reaction:238U → 95 Sr + 140Xe + 3n given the atomic masses to be m(238U) = 238.050784 u , m(95 Sr) = 94.919388 u , m(140 Xe) = 139.921610 u ,and m(n) = 1.008665 u .arrow_forwardA radioactive source is marked as containing 5mCi, but now measures 3.4 mCi. If the half life is 5.2 years, how old is the source?arrow_forwardWhat is the daughter product of the a decay of Rn -198?arrow_forward
- The natural fission reactor discussed in Module 43-3 is estimated to have generated 15 gigawatt-years of energy during its lifetime. (a) If the reactor lasted for 200 000 y, at what average power level did it operate? (b) How many kilograms of 235U did it consume during its lifetime?arrow_forwardIn a fission process in which 235U235U is struck by a neutron and undergoes fission to produce144Ba, 89Kr, and three neutrons. The measured masses of these isotopes are 235.043930 u (235U), 143.922953 u (144Ba), 88.917630 u (89Kr), and 1.0086649 u (neutron). A) Calculate the energy (in MeV) released by each fission reaction. Express your answer in megaelectronvolts. B) Calculate the energy released per gram of 235U, in MeV/g. Express your answer in megaelectronvolts per gram.arrow_forward235U decays to 207Pb via the decay series as shown. The first decay in the chain, that of 235U, has a halflife of 7.0 × 108 years. The subsequent decays are much more rapid, so we can take this as the half-life for the complete decay of 235U to 207Pb. Certain minerals exclude lead but not uranium from their crystal structure, so when the minerals form they have no lead, only uranium. As time goes on, the uranium decays to lead, so measuring the ratio of lead atoms to uranium atoms allows investigators to determine the ages of the minerals. If a sample of a mineral contains 3 atoms of 207Pb for every 1 atom of 235U, how many years ago was it formed?arrow_forward
- Suppose that a tau neutrino and a tau antineutrino, both of which are just barely moving, encounter each other in space and completely annihilate to form two photons of equal energy. In view of the uncertainty about the mass of the tau neutrino (<18.2 MeV/c2), what is the shortest wavelength lamda0 of light that could be emitted by the annihilation? lamda0 = ? m Would the light be visible to the human eye?arrow_forwardCalculate the binding energy per nucleon (in units of MeV) for 9Be, for which the atomic mass is 9.01219 amu. [Particle masses in amu are: proton = 1.007277; neutron = 1.008665; electron = 0.0005486].a. 6.46 MeV b.6.33 MeV c. 6.23 MeV d. 11.39 MeVarrow_forwardWhat beta particles are released by 197982 pb transmute to 197 79 Au?arrow_forward
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