Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 31, Problem 18P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
A term phosphodegron and the role of phosphorylation reaction in the protein generation needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction :
The process by which a phosphate group is introduced in an organic molecule is known as phosphorylation. The cellular processes such as cell growth, cell cycle and signal transduction pathways are regulated by phosphorylation.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Crystal structures exist for three neurokinin-1 (NK1) ligand complexes with the following pdb codes (6hll, 6hlo, 6hlp)
For each of the three crystal structures identify four amino acids in the NK1 binding site that contact the ligand indicating both the residue type in three letter code and the residue number. One of the chose amino acids should form a hydrogen binding interaction to the ligand, state which functional group the amino acid utilises in each case
resting state of the protein, the Lys 216 Schiff base has pKa = 9.5 and Asp 85 has pKa = 3.5. When the conformational change occurs, the proton that was on the Schiff base moves to Asp 85. This should tell you that one or both of these two pKas
changed with the conformational change. How does the pKa of Asp 85 compare with the pKa of the Lys 216 Schiff base after the conformational change?
Hydrolysis of β-endorphin (a peptide containing 31 amino acid residues) produces the following
amino acids:
Tyr 1), Gly 3), Phe 2), Met, Thr 3), Ser 2), Lys 5), Gin 2), Pro, Leu 2), Val 2), Asn 2), Ala 2), lle, His, and Glu
Treatment with carboxypeptidase liberates Gln. Treatment with DNFB liberates DNP-Tyr. Treatment with trypsin produces the following peptides:
Lys, Gly—Gln, Asn—Ala—He—Val—Lys, Tyr—Gly—Gly—Phe—Met—Thr—Ser—Glu—Lys, Asn—Ala—His—Lys, Ser—Gln—Thr—Pro—Leu— Val—Thr—Leu—Phe—Lys
Treatment with chymotrypsin produces the following peptides:
Lys—Asn—Ala—He—Val—Lys—Asn—Ala—His—Lys—Lys—Gly—Gln
Tyr—Gly—Gly—Phe
Met—Thr—Ser—Glu—Lys—Ser—Gin—Thr—Pro—Leu—Val—Thr—Leu—Phe
What is the primary sequence of β-endorphin?
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The Energetic Cost of Peptide Elongation How many ATP equivalents are consumed for each amino acid added to an elongating polypeptide chain during the process of protein synthesis?arrow_forwardPurification of a new unknown protein that you isolated from tissue and Assume that you have reached the following data during the characterization; Gel filtration: Gel filtration in protein native conformation When chromatographed, it has a molecular weight of 240000 daltons (240 kDa) is detected to be around. Gel filtration: The same protein is first denatured with 6 M guanidinium hydrochloride subjected to gel filtration chromatography again under denatured conditions. is retained, and the only column from the column with a molecular weight of about 60000 daltons (60 kDa) a protein is obtained. SDS-PAGE: Protein finally SDS-PAGE in the presence of beta-mercaptoethanol (Sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis being held. As a result of SDS-PAGE analysis, their weight in the gel is approximately 40000 daltons. Two protein bands corresponding to (40 kDa) and 20000 daltons (20 kDa) is observed. In the light of these findings, the quaternary/quaternary…arrow_forwardGive the general Adiar equation for the binding of a ligand to a dimeric protein. Explain further what your understanding is of the terms "no-, positive-, and negative cooperativity” and graphically present the relationship between Ȳ and [S] for each of these cases. Also, give the relationship between the constants Kb1 and Kb2 in each case.arrow_forward
- A binding curve for the binding of the amino acid tryptophan to the protein called TxtE is shown below. Estimate the association equilibrium constant (Ka; in units of M-1) for Trp binding to TxtE.arrow_forwardA family of proteins known as cupredoxins contain a single redoxactive Cu ion coordinated by a Cys, a Met, and two His residues. The reduction potentials of cupredoxins range from about 0.15 V to 0.68 V. What does this information reveal about the role of the protein component of the cupredoxins?arrow_forward1E In terms of binding adenylate kinase, the Kd for ATP is ~50 M and the KI for GMP-PCP is ~50 nM. Explain how this may be possible in terms of molecular interactions. Name 4 different types of molecular interactions that may contribute to the increased binding affinity exhibited by GMP-PCP. Please help me in detailsarrow_forward
- The protein fragments ABS1 and ABS2 of tropomodulin were produced as fusion proteins with chitin binding domain and purified by a chitin column. Explain the principles of this type of affinity chromatography and support it with a self‐drawn figure. This is with regards to Tropomodulin/ F-Actin complex.arrow_forwardA Leu →Ala mutation at a site buried in the core of the enzyme lysozymeis found to be destabilizing. Explain the observed effect of this mutationon lysozyme stability by predicting how enthalpy (ΔH°), conformationalentropy (ΔS°peptide), and the hydrophobic effect (ΔS°solvent) are expected to change for the mutant compared to wild-type lysozyme. Explain how ΔG°for unfolding is affected by your predicted changes in enthalpy or entropy.arrow_forwardLigand binding and response. The following question involves the ligand binding to a receptor and the receptor's response to that ligand. What ligand concentration would be required for a full agonist with a KD of 8 nM to achieve a response of 0.75?arrow_forward
- Many phospholipase C enzymes contain pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. What is the function of these domains? (a) Bind DNA, (b) Phosphorylate proteins, (c) Phosphatase proteins, (d) Bind proteins, (e) Bind phosphatidylinositol. I note that PH domain interacts with 3’phosphoinositides, contributing to recruitment of AKT to the plasma membrane, thus thinking of the possible answer (e) which is phosphatidylinositol (ie. PI) of a family of lipids consisting PIP3 or PIP2 etc. However, I wonder if “3’phosphoinositides” is the same as “PIP3”.As an alternative, I note that PH domain is a protein domain that occurs in a wide range of proteins involved in intracellular signaling, I tend to choose (d) as an answer also.I should be grateful for receiving your expert advice as to which (a) to (e) is the best answer.arrow_forwardConsider a protein with two surface-exposed histidine residues: HisA is a “typical” histidine residue with a pKa = 6.2 HisB is involved in a stabilizing interaction (His-NH+ ..... -O2C-Glu) with a neighboring glutamic acid residue. For HisB, the Gibbs free energy of deprotonation at pH = 7.0 and T = 293K is ΔG'o = +15 kj mol-1. If you had a solution, at pH = 7.0 and T = 293K, containing this protein: a) What fraction of HisA residues are protonated? b) What fraction of HisB residues are protonated? c) What is the pKa of HisB?arrow_forwardUnderstanding the Relevance of Chaperones in Protein Folding Protein molecules, like all molecules, can be characterized in terms of general properties such as size, shape, charge, solubility/hydrophobicity. Consider the influence of each of these general features on the likelihood of whether folding of a particular protein will require chaperone assistance or not. Be specific regarding just Hsp7O chaperones or Hsp7O chaperones and Hsp60 chaperonins.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning