Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 32, Problem 17P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The effect on the cell signaling pathway due to mutation of Ras in order to have zero GTPase activity.
Concept Introduction :
Cell signaling directs elementary cellular actions and coordinates cell actions. Cell signaling might help diseases to be treated efficiently and treatments created.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Referring to Figure 18.5, predict what would happen if the SRPRNA was unable to stimulate the GTPase activities of the GTPbindingproteins within SRP and the SRP receptor.
Effects of BPA on phosphorylation of JAK family in RAW264.7 cells
Briefly describe the following properties of the Ras GTPases: a) Size, structure and cellular localization (for structure I want to know if they are lipidated and any other unique features) , b) How are they activated and inactivated (i.e. include the GEFs and GAPs), c). Give an example of downstream effector proteins, d). Are they or could they be involved in human cancer.
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Effects of BPA on NO/iNOS and PGE2/COX2 expression in RAW264.7 cellsarrow_forwardExplain why in cells that are genetically NF1–/–, basal levels of GTP-bound activated Ras are higher than normal and respond to growth factor stimulation by increasing rapidly to far higher levels.arrow_forwardSome elongation factors are evolutionarily related to the G-proteins involved in signal transduction. Provide a possible reason why this is the case.arrow_forward
- Effects of BPA on phosphorylation of MAPKfamily in RAW264.7 cells conclusionarrow_forwardHedgehog - Cell signaling pathway 1) describe its normal function and mechanism, and 2) predict what may happen if certain proteins in the pathway become mutated to be constitutively active (activated even in the absence of the preceding step in the pathway) or inactivated. It will be clearest to include a drawing of the pathway.arrow_forwardmain binding pocket inside the GLP-1 receptor and the critical residues found in GLP-1 particularly in its N-terminus. what are the amino acids found particularly in its N terminusarrow_forward
- Briefly describe the following properties of the Rab and Arf GTPases: a) Size, structure and cellular localization (for structure I want to know if they are lipidated and any other unique features) , b) How are they activated and inactivated (i.e. include the GEFs and GAPs), c). Give an example of downstream cellular effects.arrow_forwardCell signaling The maximum secretion rates of proteins are one type of limiting constraint on signal-ing processes since a cell cannot send a signal faster than it can secrete it. These maximum signalingrates can be estimated with maximum rates of transcription and translation. Consequently, proteins withstrong promoters can be synthesized at much higher rates. Immunoglobulins, which are important signal-ing molecules, have very strong promoters. Their maximum secretion rate is on the order of 2000 to 8000antibody molecules/cell/second, which corresponds to approximately 1 pg/cell/hr. Part AWhat would be the maximum signal (in pg/cell/hr) that a cell could send for the following situations: (1)Signal molecule A has a MW = 100,000 daltons and is secreted at a rate of 1000 molecules/cell/second. (2)Signal molecule B has a MW = 50,000 daltons and is secreted at 5000 molecules/cell/second.Part BWhich molecule is secreted at a higher rate? By how much?Part CIf equivalent fluxes of both…arrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of A kinase–associated proteins (AKAPs)? Describe how AKAPs work in heart muscle cells.arrow_forward
- Protein Kinase A can phosphorylate different proteins in different cells. Explain the role of AKAP’s (A Kinase Anchoring Protein’s) in determining which substrates of Protein Kinase A will get phosphorylated in particular cells.arrow_forwardthe effect of bpa on STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cellsarrow_forward"Schematic outline of melanogenesis. UVR stimulates the expression of POMC by keratinocytes. The peptide produced is the precursor of the hormone a-MSH, that binds to MC1R in melanocytes. This union leads to an increase in cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) that in turn leads to increased levels of MITF expression, which upregulates the transcription of TYR, TYRP1 and TYRP2, producing brown-black eumelanin. In the absence of a-MSH, the antagonist ASIP binds to MC1R, and phaeomelanin is synthetized instead. Melanosomes are then transferred to keratinocytes through the dendrites via a shedding vesicle system." Briefly discuss how these several aspects of the molecular and cellular biology of melanin production and melanosome transfer contribute to determine skin color. How would different mutations in the hormonal response to ultraviolet light, the melanin production signal transduction pathways, and melanosome transfer influence skin color, hair color, and eye color? Did…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning