Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3.4, Problem 1COMQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Meiosis is a process of division that takes up a diploid cell, containing two sets of chromosomes and converts it to haploid cells, which contains one cell with a single set of chromosomes. In humans, sperm and eggs are the haploid cells made in meiosis. When the sperm and egg join during fertilization, the two haploid sets of chromosomes form a complete diploid set.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A) At the end of meiosis I, how many chromosomes are in each cell?
B) Are the cells haploid or diploid?
C) Are the chromosomes of the meiosis I products replicated or nonreplicated?
D) During which phase in meiosis I would crossing over have occurred?
A) Hoe many cells are produced by the end of meiosis II?
B) Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis II haploid or diploid?
C) Are the chromosomes of the four final meiotic products replicated or nonreplicated?
How can duplications arise?
A.
by uneven crossing over during meiotic prophase
B.
by the loss of a telomere
C.
by chromosome breakage and exchange of arms
D.
by spindle failure during chromosome separation
Chapter 3 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 3.1 - 1. Which of the following is not found in a...Ch. 3.1 - When preparing a karyotype, which of the following...Ch. 3.1 - How many sets of chromosomes are found in a human...Ch. 3.2 - Binary fission a. is a form of asexual...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 3.2 - What critical event occurs during the S phase of...Ch. 3.3 - 1. What is the function of the kinetochore during...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 3.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 3.4 - Which phase of meiosis is depicted in the drawing...
Ch. 3.5 - In animals, a key difference between...Ch. 3.5 - Which of the following statements regarding plants...Ch. 3.6 - Which of the following is not one of the tenets of...Ch. 3.6 - A pea plant has the genotype TtRr. The independent...Ch. 3.6 - In mammals, sex is determined by a. the SRY gene...Ch. 3.6 - An abnormal fruit fly has two sets of autosomes...Ch. 3 - The process of binary fission begins with a single...Ch. 3 - 2. What is a homolog? With regard to genes and...Ch. 3 - What is a sister chromatid? Are sister chromatids...Ch. 3 - With regard to sister chromatids, which phase of...Ch. 3 - A species is diploid and has three chromosomes per...Ch. 3 - How does the attachment of kinetochore...Ch. 3 - 7. For the following events, specify whether they...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 3 - A cell is diploid and contains three chromosomes...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 3 - A eukaryotic cell is diploid and contains 10...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 3 - 13. A cell has four pairs of chromosomes. Assuming...Ch. 3 - 14. With regard to question C13, how would the...Ch. 3 - Eukaryotic cells must sort their chromosomes...Ch. 3 - Why is it necessary for the chromosomes to...Ch. 3 - Nine-banded armadillos almost always give birth to...Ch. 3 - 18. A diploid species has four chromosomes per set...Ch. 3 - 19. Explain why the products of meiosis may not be...Ch. 3 - The period between meiosis I and meiosis II is...Ch. 3 - 21. List several ways in which telophase appears...Ch. 3 - Corn has 10 chromosomes per set, and the...Ch. 3 - The arctic fox has 50 chromosomes (25 per set),...Ch. 3 - 24. Let’s suppose that a gene affecting...Ch. 3 - 25. Describe the cellular differences between male...Ch. 3 - 26. At puberty, the testes contain a finite number...Ch. 3 - Describe the timing of meiosis I and II during...Ch. 3 - 28. Three genes (A, B, and C) are found on three...Ch. 3 - A woman with an abnormally long chromosome 13 (and...Ch. 3 - Assuming that such a fly would be viable, what...Ch. 3 - 31. What would be the sex of a human with each of...Ch. 3 - When studying living cells in a laboratory,...Ch. 3 - 2. In Morgan’s experiments, which result do you...Ch. 3 - 3. In his original studies of Figure 3.18, Morgan...Ch. 3 - How would you set up crosses to determine if a...Ch. 3 - 5. Occasionally during meiosis, a mistake can...Ch. 3 - Lets suppose that you have made a karyotype of a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7EQCh. 3 - 8. White-eyed flies have a lower survival rate...Ch. 3 - A rare form of dwarfism that also included hearing...Ch. 3 - 10. Discuss why crosses (i.e., the experiments of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11EQCh. 3 - 12. Experimentally, how do you think researchers...Ch. 3 - 1. In Figure 3.18, Morgan obtained a white-eyed...Ch. 3 - 3. Discuss the principles of the chromosome theory...
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- When does crossing over usually occur, and what is the endresult?a. It occurs during prophase of meiosis I, and the end result isthe exchange of pieces between homologouschromosomes.b. It occurs during prometaphase of meiosis I, and the endresult is the exchange of pieces between homologouschromosomes.c. It occurs during prophase of meiosis I, and the end result isthe separation of sister chromatids.d. It occurs during prometaphase of meiosis I, and the endresult is the separation of sister chromatids.arrow_forwardGive explanation X and Y chromosomes are not homologs, but in meiosis they do pair and segregate in XY organisms to create 50% haploid gametes with an X chromosome and 50% haploid gametes with a Y chromosome. How is pairing achieved? a. Since all other homologous chromosomes pair, the remaining two chromosomes pair by default. b Pairing proteins are capable of binding to different genes on the X and Y chromosomes, which allows them to pair. c. None of the statements is correct. d. They don't actually pair. Random segregation generally ensures the X and Y chromosomes separate. e.Pseudoautosomal regions that are homologous exist at the tips of both the X and Y chromosomes, and they allow pairing.arrow_forwardWhen a germ cell undergoes meiosis, which event would MOST likely result in four aneuploid daughter cells? A. misalignment of the chromosomes during metaphase I B. misalignment of the chromosomes during anaphase I C. misalignment of the chromosomes during metaphase II D. misalignment of the chromosomes during anaphase IIarrow_forward
- Which statement best describes the genetic content of the two daughter cells in prophase II of meiosis? A. Haploid with one copy of each gene B. Haploid with two copies of each gene C. Diploid with two copies of each gene D. Diploid with four copies of each gene E. tetraploid with four copies of each genearrow_forwardIn human spermatogenesis, mitosis of a stem cell gives rise to one cell that remains a stem cell and one cell that becomes a spermatogonium. (a) Draw four rounds of mitosis for a stem cell, and label the daughter cells. (b) For one spermatogonium, draw the cells it would produce from one round of mitosis followed by meiosis. Label the cells, and label mitosis and meiosis. (c) Explain what would happen if stem cells divided like spermatogonia.arrow_forwardWhich statement best describes the genetic content of the two daughter cells in prophase II of meiosis? a. haploid with one copy of each gene b. haploid with two copies of each gene c. diploid with two copies of each gene d. diploid with four copies of each genearrow_forward
- A. In the beginning of meiosis II, each chromosome is duplicated and attached. These chromosomes are called? _______ B. In meiosis, the process of homologous chromosomes lining up together side-by-side is called ___________arrow_forwardCould nondisjunction occur during mitosis? Compare and contrast the likely consequence of nondisjunction in mitosis vs. meiosis.arrow_forwarda. What phase of Meiosis II is the cell in? How do you know? b. Assuming all of the chromosomes present during Meiosis II are shown in the figure above, how many chromosomes (counting homologous pairs as two chromosomes) does a gamete from this organism have? c. Draw the same cell during the same phase of Meiosis I. Label the elements.arrow_forward
- In a comparison of the stages of meiosis to the stages of mitosis, which stages are unique ... to meiosis and which stages have the same events in both meiosis and mitosis?arrow_forwardexplain how the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment relate directly to chromosome movements during meiosis. Which particular stages of meiosis demonstrate each of these two laws?arrow_forwardWhen does synapsis between homologous chromosomes occur? A. prophase I of meiosis B. prophase II of meiosis C. prophase of mitosis D. metaphase of mitosisarrow_forward
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