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A diabetic who injects too much insulin can lose consciousness. Explain how injecting excess insulin can impair brain function. Explain also why an injection of glucagon can restore normal function.
To explain: How injecting excess insulin could impair brain function.
Concept introduction:
The blood glucose or sugar level in our body is maintained by a certain hormone called insulin that is produced by beta cells of pancreas. These hormones help to balance the sugar level from increasing and decreasing. Diabetic patients are injected with insulin hormone to lower the high glucose level in blood. However, excess insulin reduces the sugar level and cause improper brain function.
Injecting insulin more than a normal range suddenly reduces the sugar level. A high level of insulin leads to hypoglycemia (very low glucose) in blood. This adversely affects the brain function because brain needs glucose for doing their basic functions...
To explain: How glucagon restores the effect of excess insulin in the body
Concept introduction:
Glucagon is another hormone produced by alpha cells of pancreas for controlling the blood sugar levels. It helps to prevent the dropping of blood glucose level in our body. It functions exactly opposite to that of the insulin hormone that is, increasing the sugar level in the blood to normal when it reduces by the action of insulin.
Chapter 34 Solutions
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