Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 34, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Osmosis is the process in which water moves across the semi-permeable membrane due to the concentration gradient. It is responsible for the short distance transport mechanisms across the plant cells. The underlying force for osmosis is the water potential, that is, the potential energy of the water.
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A) Based on the drawings above, which molecules were able to diffuse through the 150 MWCO membrane?
B) Which molecules(s) were not able to diffuse? Why not?
C) Which side of the chamber had the greater osmolarity/osmotic pressure and how could you tell?
Consider the two solutions separated by an ideal semipermeable membrane (permeable to water but impermeable to solute). Assuming complete dissociation of all the salts you can expect:
a.) net water movement from side 1 to side 2
b.) net water movement from side 2 to side 1
c.) no net water movement
Show the direction of water flow and mark the side with the greater osmotic pressure if you have a selectively permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to a specific solute and if the two sides of the membrane have different solute concentrations.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.1 - Explain how the apoplastic, symplastic, and...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 34.5 - Compare and contrast translocation and...Ch. 34.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 34 - An indoor gardener leaving for vacation completely...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Discuss Concepts Concerns about global climate...Ch. 34 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 34 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking A variety of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 3ITD
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- How does increasing solute concentration affect water potential? (a) water potential becomes more positive (b) water potential becomes more negative (c) water potential becomes more positive under certain conditions and more negative under other conditions (d) water potential is not affected by solute concentration (e) water potential is always zero when solutes are dissolved in waterarrow_forwardWhat are some other biological examples of solutes affecting water potential and therefore movement of water in a living organism? Find examples in both plant and animal.arrow_forwardSolutes tend to diffuse from a region where they ar_____ concentrated to an adjacent region where they are_______ concentrated. a. more, less c. movement is independent b. less, more of concentrationarrow_forward
- Osmotic pressure tends to: A. Be a pushing pressure B. Be a drawing (pulling) pressure C. Neither A or B D. Both A & Barrow_forwardImagine that you have two solutions of glucose in water. One solution consists of 1 g of glucose in 100 mL of water. The other consists of 10 g of glucose in 100 mL. Which solution has a more negative osmotic potential?arrow_forwardGiven a selectively permeable membrane that is permeableto water but not to a particular solute and given that thereare different solute concentrations on the two sides of themembrane, show the direction of water movement and labelthe side with the higher osmotic pressure.arrow_forward
- Explain how tonicity relates to the direction of water movement across a membrane.arrow_forwardA daisy stem is placed in a solution with a water potential of -0.2 bars. After the daisy stem cells have had a chance to reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution, the pressure potential inside the daisy cells is 0.5 bars. At equilibrium, calculate the solute potential of the daisy cells.arrow_forwardWhen comparing the solute concentrations of two fluids, the fluid with the higher solute concentration will be which of the following? A. Hypotonic B. Hypertonic C. Isotonicarrow_forward
- Assume that a beaker is divided in half by a membrane which is permeable to water only. A 0.45 M glucose solution is on one side of the membrane, and a 0.40 M NaCl solution is on the other side of the membrane. (a) Diagram the above set-up, (b) indicate with an arrow the direction of water movement across the membrane and (c) explain, specifically, why the movement occurs in that directionarrow_forwardTwo solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable only to water. The two solutions are: Solution A = 150 mM KCl Solution B = 150 mM Angiotensin (a 7 amino acid polypeptide) Which of the following would best explain the net movement in this situation? - water will move from the KCl side to Angiotensin side - water will move from Angiotensin side to KCl side - The Cl- ion will move to the angiotensin side until there is 75 mM Cl- on each side - Since Angiotensin is not an ion, it can move through the membrane - There is no net water movement as the concentrations are the same on both sidesarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes a hyperosmotic solution? A. a solution with a higher concentration of solutes as compared to the other side of the membrane B. a solution with a lower concentration of solute as compared to the other side of the membrane C. a solution with equal solute concentration as compared to the other side of the membrane D. none of the abovearrow_forward
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