Chapter 35, Problem 1IQ

Summary Introduction

To explain: Label the parts of the flowering plant.

Introduction: Plants are eukaryotic organism and belong to the Plantae kingdom. Plants are autotrophs and can generate their own food by the process of photosynthesis. A plant that generates seeds, flowers, and fruits are called flowering plant and is also referred as an angiosperm. It is differentiated from other plants by fruits and flowers. A shoot system and root system are the features of flowering plants.

Explanation of Solution

Pictorial representation:

                                              Fig.1: Parts of flowering plants

The organs of plants perform a particular role and it is composed of numerous tissue types. Stems, leaves, and roots are the vascular plant organ. The underground root system of vascular plants attain minerals and water from the soil. An aerial shoot system of leaves and stems is used for absorbing carbon dioxide and light for the process of photosynthesis.

The roots involved in several functions include food storage, absorption, and anchorage. From the primary root, the seed emerges and branches to make a lateral root. Generally, the taproot system is present in tail. The plant anchors by one deep main taproot and it may also involve in nutrient storage.

Alternating nodes are present in the stem. Node is the point where leaves are joined. Internodes are the segment between nodes. The apical bud is the apex of the shoot and it is found at the tip. At the upper angle between the stem and a leaf, the axillary buds are present. It may develop into flowers or lateral branches.

In most plants, the major organ of photosynthesis is leaves. Generally, the leaves consist of stalk or petiole and flattened blade. The petioles are absent in many monocots. The leaves of monocot generally have parallel major veins. Leaves may be compound or simple. Modified leaves have several functions that include reproduction, support, storage, and protection.