Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 39, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Glial cells are sometimes referred to as ‘neuroglia’, which are closely associated with neurons. Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, satellite cells, and Schwann cells are the six types of neuroglia found in the CNS (central nervous system) and PNS (peripheral nervous system).
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Chapter 39 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 39.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 39.1 - Prob. 3SBCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 39.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 39.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 39.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 39.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 39 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 39 - An example of a synapse could be the site where:...Ch. 39 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 39 - The major role of the Na+/K+ pump is to: a. cause...Ch. 39 - In the propagation of a nerve impulse: a. the...Ch. 39 - Which of the following does not contribute to...Ch. 39 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 39 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 39 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 39 - You learned in this chapter that Na+/K+ active...Ch. 39 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 39 - Prob. 3ITD
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- I. These forms the specialized junctions called synapse. A. Cell body B. Glial cells C. Synaptic terminal D. Neurotransmitters II. These are the gaps in the myelin sheath which is the site where signals are recharged as they travel down the axon. A. Neurotransmitters B. Axon hillock C. Dendrites D. Nodes of Ranvier III. These neurons form the local circuits that connect neurons in the brain A. Interneurons B. Axon hillock C. Dendrites D. Somaarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials? a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons. b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron. c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel. d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction e. Action potentials move slowly.arrow_forwardSchwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. Which of the following explains why the neurons in the brain cannot repair damage like the neurons in your hands or feet can? a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. b. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter.arrow_forward
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- In an experiment you place a neuron and its synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions. You stimulate the neuron causing an action potential to propagate down the axon into the axon terminal of the neuron. 3.) What is the most likely result of this experimental manipulation? A. Prolong the refractory period of the action potential B. Decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal C. Prevent neurotransmitter from binding to receptors on postsynaptic cells D. Enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential E. Prevent release of neurotransmitter into the synapsearrow_forwardWhen light strikes our rods and cones, their sodium and calcium channels close and they release less glutamate. This causes the _____ cells in our retinas to release more neurotransmitters, which increases the firing rate of action potentials in the _____ cells. A) bipolar; ganglion B) complex; amacrine C) amacrine; complexarrow_forwardA neuron may receive signals from thousands of synaptic terminals. What determines whether the receiving neuron will respond by transmitting a signal? a. the concentration of transmitter inside the receiving neuron b. the summation of excitatory and inhibitory signals received c. the number of glial cells contact the receiving neuronarrow_forward
- Ganglia are ... a) ... collections of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS b) ... part of a nerve cell c) ... the connection between two nerve cells d) ... collections of nerve fibers in the CNS e) ... a type of glial cells in the brainarrow_forwardImagine that you are hiking in the mountains one afternoon with friends. As you turn acorner, you come across a lion standing in the middle of the trail.a. Identify the specific division of the nervous system that is responsible for thebody’s response to this situation.b. Describe at least six physiological responses you might have upon seeing thebears.c. Indicate the division of the nervous system that is responsible for returning thebody back to equilibrium after the event is over.arrow_forwardWhy are action potentials usually conducted in one direction?(A) Ions can flow along the axon in only one direction.(B) The brief refractory period prevents reopening of voltagegated Na+channels.(C) The axon hillock has a higher membrane potential thanthe terminals of the axon.(D) Voltage-gated channels for both Na+and K+open in onlyone direction.arrow_forward
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