A stream flows at a rate of 5.00 × 10 4 liters per second (L/s) upstream of a manufacturing plant. The plant discharges 3.50 × 10 3 L/s of water that contains 65.0 ppm HCl into the stream (See Exercise 123 for definitions.) a. calculate the stream’s total flow rate downstream from this plant. b. Calculate the concentration of HCI in ppm downstream from this plant. c. Further downstream, another manufacturing plant diverts 1.80 × 10 4 L/s of water from the stream for it own use. This plant must first neutralize the acid and does so by adding lime: C a O ( s ) + 2 H + ( a q ) → C a 2 + ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) What mass of CaO is consumed in an 8.00-h work day by this plant? d. The original stream water contained 10.2 ppm Ca 2+ . Although no calcium was in the waste water from the first plant, the waste water of the second plant contains Ca 2+ from the neutralization process. If 90.0% of the water used by the second plant is returned to the stream, calculate the concentration of Ca 2+ in ppm downstream of the second plant.

Q: Expert Answer

a) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The total stream’s down flow rate has to be calculated. Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by, Molarity(in M)= Moles of solute(in grams) Volume of solution(in litres) Explanation Given: Record the given data Upstream at which the stream rate flows = 5 .00×10 4 L/s Downstream at which the plant discharges= 3 .50×10 3 L/s Moles of HCl in water = 65 .0 ppm The stream flow rate in upwards and downwards direction of a manufacturing plant and mole of HCl in the downstream is recorded as shown above b) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: the concentration of HCl has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by, Molarity(in M)= Moles of solute(in grams) Volume of solution(in litres) c) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The mass of CaO consumed by the plant has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by, Molarity(in M)= Moles of solute(in grams) Volume of solution(in litres) d) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: the concentration of Ca 2+ in ppm of second plant downstream has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by, Molarity(in M)= Moles of solute(in grams) Volume of solution(in litres)

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Chemistry

10th Edition

Steven S. Zumdahl + 2 others

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305957404

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BuyFind

Chemistry

10th Edition

Steven S. Zumdahl + 2 others

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305957404

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Answer 3

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Answer 4

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Answer 5

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The total stream’s down flow rate has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by,

Molarity(in M)=Moles of solute(in grams)Volume of solution(in litres)

Explanation of Solution

Given:

Record the given data

Upstream at which the stream rate flows = 5.00×104 L/s

Downstream at which the plant discharges= 3.50×103 L/s

Moles of HCl in water = 65.0 ppm

The stream flow rate in upwards and downwards direction of a manufacturing plant and mole of HCl in the downstream is recorded as shown above

Answer 6

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: the concentration of HCl has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by,

Molarity(in M)=Moles of solute(in grams)Volume of solution(in litres)

Answer 7

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mass of CaO consumed by the plant has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by,

Molarity(in M)=Moles of solute(in grams)Volume of solution(in litres)

Answer 8

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: the concentration of Ca2+ in ppm of second plant downstream has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Concentration of solution can be defined in terms of molarity as moles of solute to the volume of solution. The concentration of solution can be given by,

Molarity(in M)=Moles of solute(in grams)Volume of solution(in litres)

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