Economics For Today
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337613040
Author: Tucker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 19SQ
To determine
The incapability of competitive market in providing the public goods.
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In macroeconomics
1. List and explain the three ways in which there can be market failure.
2. Define externality and distinguish between positive and negative externality and their impact on production, using examples where possible.
3. How can a government correct for positive and negative externalities ?
Give real life examples
Identify the characteristics of a public good.
a. Why do public goods exist?
b. What is the problem that comes about due to public goods?
c. Which of the following are public goods: parks, police services, welfare payments to the poor, production of energy, space exploration?
d. Briefly describe how the free rider problem can be overcome.
e. Briefly explain why markets often have a difficult time producing public goods.
The chart above shows the market for polio vaccine in Pakistan. This vaccine provides external benefits because vaccinating one person reduces the likelihood of other people catching the disease.
a.) If there is a competitive market and there is no government intervention, what will be the amount of vaccine?
b. ) If a foundation takes over the cost of the vaccine, what will be the amount of vaccine used in the market? How will the market efficiency change? Why?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Economics For Today
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1YTECh. 4.2 - Prob. 2YTECh. 4.2 - Prob. 3YTECh. 4.2 - Prob. 4YTECh. 4.3 - Prob. 1YTECh. 4.3 - Prob. 2YTECh. 4 - Prob. 1SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 2SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 3SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 4SQP
Ch. 4 - Prob. 5SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 6SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 7SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 8SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 9SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 10SQPCh. 4 - Prob. 1SQCh. 4 - Prob. 2SQCh. 4 - Prob. 3SQCh. 4 - Prob. 4SQCh. 4 - Prob. 5SQCh. 4 - Prob. 6SQCh. 4 - Prob. 7SQCh. 4 - Prob. 8SQCh. 4 - Prob. 9SQCh. 4 - Prob. 10SQCh. 4 - Prob. 11SQCh. 4 - Prob. 12SQCh. 4 - Prob. 13SQCh. 4 - Prob. 14SQCh. 4 - Prob. 15SQCh. 4 - Prob. 16SQCh. 4 - Prob. 17SQCh. 4 - Prob. 18SQCh. 4 - Prob. 19SQCh. 4 - Prob. 20SQ
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- Let the supply and demand for widgets be given by the following schedule. Price: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 Quantity Supplied: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 Quantity Demanded: 900, 800, 700, 600, 500, 400, 300, 200, 100 a. What quantity will be produced here? b. What quantity is efficient if there are no external costs or benefits? c. What quantity is efficient if there is an external cost of $6 per unit from pollution caused by the widget factories?arrow_forwardDefine a public good. Give an example of a public good using your definition. Explain how to construct the market demand curve for a public good.arrow_forwardSCENARIO: Developers of a new housing scheme spend money putting in roads, lighting and clearing land surrounding the scheme. (1) The type of market failure represented by the scenario is a/an a. negative externality b. positive externality c. public good d. asymmetric information (2) The market fails in this scenario because a. no market transaction takes place b. goods are underproduced c. goods are overproduced d. no private provision (3) Solution to the market failure is a. subsidy b. government provision c. taxation d. screening e. signaling (4) The equilibrium quantity is _______the socially efficient quantity. a. greater than b. less than c. equal to (5) The private benefit curve is a. shifts outwards to the social benefit curve b.shifts inwards to the social benefit curve c. remains unchanged (6) The private cost curve is a. shifts outwards to the social cost curve b.shifts inwards to the social cost curve c. remains unchanged (7) The Efficient output is found where the → the…arrow_forward
- Question 1. What is meant by "the market system?" Question 2. How is the market system justified? Question 3. What, exactly, is "fraud?" Quesetion 4. What is an "externality?" Question 5. What is "market failure?"arrow_forwardMarket failure occurs when the private sector fails to distribute our resources efficiently through the pricing system. Externalities and a lack of public goods and services are two examples of market failure.Give an example of a positive and a negative externalities that someone faces in their life. Also, what are some public goods and services that you utilize in your everyday life?arrow_forwardPlease answer the following questions.1. Explain the factors affecting Demand.2. Explain the difference between positive and negative externalities alongwith an example.3. How are public goods different from private goods?4. Explain the Law of Supply.5. With regard to demand and Supply, explain the point of MarketEquilibrium.arrow_forward
- Just answer true or false 1. Mining has negative externalities 2. The social cost of putting up a dam is reduced if the government ensures that the communities adversely affected are relocated in another area with sustainable sources of livelihood 3. Fireworks display during Christmas sponsored by an agency has both positive and negative externalities. 4. When a public space has been enclosed for a concert and people can only get in by buying tickets, the public space is no longer a public good that is non-rival and non-exclusive.arrow_forwardHow do public television stations, like PBS, try to overcome the free rider problem? Define the problem, and then discuss the solutions. [Be sure to explain, what you mean by public good, and what is the free rider problem. Then use the explanation to apply to the public television situations]arrow_forwardown experiences to describe when you were part of a transaction that resulted in a positive externality, b. State why the transaction resulted in a positive externality, c. State why from an economist's viewpoint this would be considered market inefficiency.arrow_forward
- Adam Smith’s theory of the invisible hand is often used to justify a hands-off approach to market activity. Can you give an example where government intervention in a market led to an inefficient outcome? How about an example where government intervention improved the outcome?arrow_forwardExplain the two causes of market failures. Given their definitions, could a market be affected by both types of market failures simultaneously?arrow_forwardExplain the difference between a positive externality and a negative externality. Can both types of externalities result in market failure? Why or why not?arrow_forward
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