Chapter 4, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Introduction: Psychology is the branch of science that incorporates the behavior, thought, emotion, personality, and motivation. Psychological studies mainly employed to improve mental disorder, self-help, and performance. It involves mainly for examining the mind of an individual and identifying the actions that influence an individual.

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: Ethical research begins with the concept of informed consent. Before signing up to participate in an experiment, participants should be informed of the procedure of the study that stated generally, the risks that may be involved, and their right to withdraw at any time. Hence, the correct answer is option d.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer:

Option d. is given as “all of these”.

Ethical research is an informed consent. Before joining in any ethical experiment, the participants have to sign an agreement confirming that they are known to the basic study outlines and are aware of their outline of participation of experiment. The participant should know the risks of the experiment that may be involved and the fact of voluntary participation and they may terminate at any time they want.

Hence, the correct answer is option d.

Reasons for incorrect answers:

Option a. is given as, “the procedure of the study, stated generally”.

In any ethical experiment the participants should be informed about the procedure of the study, and also they should be informed about risks and the chance that they can withdraw anytime they want. As all options are correct, hence option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as, “the risks that may be involved”.

In any ethical experiment the participants should be informed about the procedure of the study, and also they should be informed about risks and the chance that they can withdraw anytime they want. As all options are correct, hence option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “their right to withdraw at any time”.

In any ethical experiment the participants should be informed about the procedure of the study, and also they should be informed about risks and the chance that they can withdraw anytime they want. As all options are correct, hence option c. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., and c. are incorrect.

Conclusion

In any ethical experiment the participants should be informed about the procedure of the study, and also they should be informed about risks and the chance that they can withdraw anytime they wish to terminate from the experiment.