Silven Company has identified the following
Silven produces two models of cell phones with the following expected activity demands:
- 1. Determine the total overhead assigned to each product using the four activity drivers.
- 2. Determine the total overhead assigned to each model using the two most expensive activities. The costs of the two relatively inexpensive activities are allocated to the two expensive activities in proportion to their costs.
- 3. Using ABC as the benchmark, calculate the percentage error and comment on the accuracy of the reduced system. Explain why this approach may be desirable.
1.
Compute the predetermined overhead rates of S Company and the total overhead cost assigned to each product.
Explanation of Solution
Predetermined overhead rate: It is an application of estimated manufacturing overhead cost over the cost object for particular time period. Predetermined overhead rate is used to calculate the overhead used per unit of a driver.
Formula:
Compute the predetermined overheads rates for all the activities of S Company.
Activity | Overhead rates |
Setting up equipment | |
Ordering materials | |
Machining | |
Receiving |
Table (1)
Calculate the cost assigned to be assigned to each product using the four activity drivers.
Activity |
Model X ($) |
Model Y ($) |
Setting up equipment | 84,000 (1) | 42,000 (2) |
Ordering materials | 6,000 (3) | 12,000 (4) |
Machining | 72,000 (5) | 54,000 (6) |
Receiving | 9,000 (7) | 21,000 (8) |
Total overhead assigned | $171,000 | $129,000 |
Table (2)
Working notes: Calculate the applied overheads for both the models of S Company
Applied overhead: Applied overhead is a cost which cannot be assigned directly to a cost object, and it is a fixed charge on a specific production department in the company.
Formula:
(1) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of setting up equipment for Model X.
(2) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of setting up equipment for Model Y.
(3) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of ordering materials for Model X.
(4) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of ordering materials for Model Y.
(5) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of machining for Model X.
(6) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of machining for Model Y.
(7) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of receiving for Model X.
(8) Calculate the applied overheads for the activity of receiving for Model Y.
2.
Calculate the total overhead assigned to both the models of S Company by using the two most expensive activities.
Explanation of Solution
Calculate the total overhead assigned to both the models of S Company by using the two most expensive activities.
Activity |
Model X ($) |
Model Y ($) |
Setting up equipment | 100,000(1) | 50,000(2) |
Machining | 85,740(3) | 64,305(4) |
Total Overhead assigned | 185,740 | 114,305 |
Table (3)
Step 1: Calculate the new activity rates of S Company namely setting up equipment and machining activity.
Setting up equipment:
Machining:
Step 2: Compute the total applied overheads assigned to both the models of S Company.
(1) Calculate the applied overhead of setting up equipment for Model X.
(2) Calculate the applied overhead of setting up equipment for Model Y.
(3) Calculate the applied overhead of machining activity for Model X.
(4) Calculate the applied overhead of machining activity for Model Y.
Compute the new cost pools for the activities of setting up equipment and machining of S Company.
Setting up equipment:
Machining:
Compute the new activity rates for both the activities of S Company.
Activity |
Model X ($) |
Model Y ($) |
Setting up equipment | 100,000(1) | 50,000(2) |
Machining | 85,740(3) | 64,305(4) |
Total Overheads assigned | 185,740 | 114,305 |
Table (4)
Working notes:
(1) Calculate the new activity rates for setup activity.
Setting up equipment:
(2) Calculate the new activity rates for machining activity.
Machining activity:
3.
Compute the percentage of error and provide information on the accuracy of reduced costing system considering activity based costing as a benchmark.
Explanation of Solution
Calculate the percentage of error for Model X of S Company.
Calculate the percentage of error for Model Yof S Company.
The degree of error is not significant in the calculated result which means the activity drivers selected to calculate overhead rates are accepted and are better accurate in contrast to activity based costing.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)
- Silven Company has identified the following overhead activities, costs, and activity drivers for the coming year: Silven produces two models of cell phones with the following expected activity demands: Required: 1. Calculate the global consumption ratios for the two products. 2. Using the activity consumption ratios for number of orders and number of setups, show that the same cost assignment can be achieved using these two drivers as that of the complete, four-driver ABC system.arrow_forwardBumblebee Mobiles manufactures a line of cell phones. The management has identified the following overhead costs and related cost drivers for the coming year. The following were incurred in manufacturing two of their cell phones, Bubble and Burst, during the first quarter. REQUIREMENT Review the worksheet called ABC that follows these requirements. You have been asked to determine the cost of each product using an activity-based cost system. Note that the problem information is already entered into the Data Section of the ABC worksheet.arrow_forwardYoung Company is beginning operations and is considering three alternatives to allocate manufacturing overhead to individual units produced. Young can use a plantwide rate, departmental rates, or activity-based costing. Young will produce many types of products in its single plant, and not all products will be processed through all departments. In which one of the following independent situations would reported net income for the first year be the same regardless of which overhead allocation method had been selected? a. All production costs approach those costs that were budgeted. b. The sales mix does not vary from the mix that was budgeted. c. All manufacturing overhead is a fixed cost. d. All ending inventory balances are zero.arrow_forward
- Evans, Inc., has a unit-based costing system. Evanss Miami plant produces 10 different electronic products. The demand for each product is about the same. Although they differ in complexity, each product uses about the same labor time and materials. The plant has used direct labor hours for years to assign overhead to products. To help design engineers understand the assumed cost relationships, the Cost Accounting Department developed the following cost equation. (The equation describes the relationship between total manufacturing costs and direct labor hours; the equation is supported by a coefficient of determination of 60 percent.) Y=5,000,000+30X,whereX=directlaborhours The variable rate of 30 is broken down as follows: Because of competitive pressures, product engineering was given the charge to redesign products to reduce the total cost of manufacturing. Using the above cost relationships, product engineering adopted the strategy of redesigning to reduce direct labor content. As each design was completed, an engineering change order was cut, triggering a series of events such as design approval, vendor selection, bill of materials update, redrawing of schematic, test runs, changes in setup procedures, development of new inspection procedures, and so on. After one year of design changes, the normal volume of direct labor was reduced from 250,000 hours to 200,000 hours, with the same number of products being produced. Although each product differs in its labor content, the redesign efforts reduced the labor content for all products. On average, the labor content per unit of product dropped from 1.25 hours per unit to one hour per unit. Fixed overhead, however, increased from 5,000,000 to 6,600,000 per year. Suppose that a consultant was hired to explain the increase in fixed overhead costs. The consultants study revealed that the 30 per hour rate captured the unit-level variable costs; however, the cost behavior of other activities was quite different. For example, setting up equipment is a step-fixed cost, where each step is 2,000 setup hours, costing 90,000. The study also revealed that the cost of receiving goods is a function of the number of different components. This activity has a variable cost of 2,000 per component type and a fixed cost that follows a step-cost pattern. The step is defined by 20 components with a cost of 50,000 per step. Assume also that the consultant indicated that the design adopted by the engineers increased the demand for setups from 20,000 setup hours to 40,000 setup hours and the number of different components from 100 to 250. The demand for other non-unit-level activities remained unchanged. The consultant also recommended that management take a look at a rejected design for its products. This rejected design increased direct labor content from 250,000 hours to 260,000 hours, decreased the demand for setups from 20,000 hours to 10,000 hours, and decreased the demand for purchasing from 100 component types to 75 component types, while the demand for all other activities remained unchanged. Required: 1. Using normal volume, compute the manufacturing cost per labor hour before the year of design changes. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 2. Using normal volume after the one year of design changes, compute the manufacturing cost per hour. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 3. Before considering the consultants study, what do you think is the most likely explanation for the failure of the design changes to reduce manufacturing costs? Now use the information from the consultants study to explain the increase in the average cost per unit of product. What changes would you suggest to improve Evanss efforts to reduce costs? 4. Explain why the consultant recommended a second look at a rejected design. Provide computational support. What does this tell you about the strategic importance of cost management?arrow_forwardPlata Company has identified the following overhead activities, costs, and activity drivers for the coming year: Plata produces two models of microwave ovens with the following activity demands: The companys normal activity is 21,000 machine hours. Calculate the total overhead cost that would be assigned to Model X using an activity-based costing system: a. 230,000 b. 240,000 c. 280,000 d. 190,000arrow_forwardBox Springs. Inc., makes two sizes of box springs: queen and king. The direct material for the queen is $35 per unit and $55 is used in direct labor, while the direct material for the king is $55 per unit, and the labor cost is $70 per unit. Box Springs estimates it will make 4,300 queens and 3,000 kings in the next year. It estimates the overhead for each cost pool and cost driver activities as follows: How much does each unit cost to manufacture?arrow_forward
- Box Springs, Inc., makes two sizes of box springs: twin and double. The direct material for the twin is $25 per unit and $40 s used in direct labor, while the direct material for the double is $40 per unit, and the labor cost is $50 per unit. Box Springs estimates it will make 5,000 twins and 9,000 doubles in the next year. It estimates the overhead for each cost pool and cost driver activities as follows: How much does each unit cost to manufacture?arrow_forwardEclipse Motor Company manufactures two types of specialty electric motors, a commercial motor and a residential motor, through two production departments, Assembly and Testing. Presently, the company uses a single plantwide factory overhead rate for allocating factory overhead to the two products. However, management is considering using the multiple production department factory overhead rate method. The following factory overhead was budgeted for Eclipse: Direct machine hours were estimated as follows: In addition, the direct machine hours (dmh) used to produce a unit of each product in each department were determined from engineering records, as follows: a. Determine the per-unit factory overhead allocated to the commercial and residential motors under the single plantwide factory overhead rate method, using direct machine hours as the allocation base. b. Determine the per-unit factory overhead allocated to the commercial and residential motors under the multiple production department factory overhead rate method, using direct machine hours as the allocation base for each department. c. Recommend to management a product costing approach, based on your analyses in (a) and (b). Support your recommendation.arrow_forwardStacks manufactures two different levels of hockey sticks: the Standard and the Slap Shot. The total overhead of $600,000 has traditionally been allocated by direct labor hours, with 400,000 hours for the Standard and 200.000 hours for the Slap Shot. After analyzing and assigning costs to two cost pools, it was determined that machine hours is estimated to have $450.000 of overhead, with 30,000 hours used on the Standard product and 15,000 hours used on the Slap Shot product. It was also estimated that the inspection cost pool would have $150,000 of overhead, with 25,000 hours for the Standard and 5,000 hours for the Slap Shot. What is the overhead rate per product, under traditional and under ABC costing?arrow_forward
- Pelder Products Company manufactures two types of engineering diagnostic equipment used in construction. The two products are based upon different technologies, X-ray and ultrasound, but are manufactured in the same factory. Pelder has computed the manufacturing cost of the X-ray and ultrasound products by adding together direct materials, direct labor, and overhead cost applied based on the number of direct labor hours. The factory has three overhead departments that support the single production line that makes both products. Budgeted overhead spending for the departments is as follows: Pelders budgeted manufacturing activities and costs for the period are as follows: The budgeted cost to manufacture one ultrasound machine using the activity-based costing method is: a. 225. b. 264. c. 293. d. 305.arrow_forwardLarsen, Inc., produces two types of electronic parts and has provided the following data: There are four activities: machining, setting up, testing, and purchasing. Required: 1. Calculate the activity consumption ratios for each product. 2. Calculate the consumption ratios for the plantwide rate (direct labor hours). When compared with the activity ratios, what can you say about the relative accuracy of a plantwide rate? Which product is undercosted? 3. What if the machine hours were used for the plantwide rate? Would this remove the cost distortion of a plantwide rate?arrow_forwardFirenza Company manufactures specialty tools to customer order. Budgeted overhead for the coming year is: Previously, Sanjay Bhatt, Firenza Companys controller, had applied overhead on the basis of machine hours. Expected machine hours for the coming year are 50,000. Sanjay has been reading about activity-based costing, and he wonders whether or not it might offer some advantages to his company. He decided that appropriate drivers for overhead activities are purchase orders for purchasing, number of setups for setup cost, engineering hours for engineering cost, and machine hours for other. Budgeted amounts for these drivers are 5,000 purchase orders, 500 setups, and 2,500 engineering hours. Sanjay has been asked to prepare bids for two jobs with the following information: The typical bid price includes a 40 percent markup over full manufacturing cost. Required: 1. Calculate a plantwide rate for Firenza Company based on machine hours. What is the bid price of each job using this rate? 2. Calculate activity rates for the four overhead activities. What is the bid price of each job using these rates? 3. Which bids are more accurate? Why?arrow_forward
- Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College PubPrinciples of Accounting Volume 2AccountingISBN:9781947172609Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax College
- Financial And Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337902663Author:WARREN, Carl S.Publisher:Cengage Learning,Excel Applications for Accounting PrinciplesAccountingISBN:9781111581565Author:Gaylord N. SmithPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning