Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.11E
Consider a piston whose compression ratio is
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A) For nitrogen gas the values of Cv and Cp at 25°C are 20.8 J K−1 mol−1 and 29.1 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. When a sample of nitrogen is heated at constant pressure, what fraction of the energy is used to increase the internal energy of the gas?
B) How much energy (in KJ) is required to raise the temperature of 136.4 g N2 from 25.0°C to 87.0°C in a vessel having a constant volume?
When 229 J of energy is supplied as heat to 3.00 mol Ar(g), the temperature of the sample increases by 2.55 K. Calculate the molar heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure of the gas.
For CO_2 how would the theoretical ratio of C_p (heat capacity at constant pressure)/ C_v (heat capacity at constant volume) be affected if the molecule were nonlinear, such as SO_2, instead of linear? Could you decide between these two structures from the C_p/C_v ratio alone?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
Ch. 4 - List the sets of conditions that allow dS, dU, and...Ch. 4 - Explain why conditions for using S>0 as a strict...Ch. 4 - Explain how the equation dU+pdVTdS0 is consistent...Ch. 4 - Explain why the spontaneity conditions given in...Ch. 4 - Prove that the adiabatic free expansion of an...Ch. 4 - Derive equation 4.6 from equation 4.5.Ch. 4 - Derive equation 4.8 from equation 4.7.Ch. 4 - The third part of equation 4.9 mentions a...Ch. 4 - Calculate A for a process in which 0.160mole of an...Ch. 4 - What is the maximum amount of non-pV work that can...
Ch. 4 - Consider a piston whose compression ratio is 10:1;...Ch. 4 - When one dives, water pressure increases by 1atm...Ch. 4 - Calculate G(25C) for this chemical reaction, which...Ch. 4 - Thermodynamic properties can also be determined...Ch. 4 - Calculate G in two different ways for the...Ch. 4 - Calculate G in two different ways for the...Ch. 4 - For the reaction C(graphite)C(diamond) at 25C,...Ch. 4 - Determine G for the following reaction at 0C and...Ch. 4 - What is the maximum amount of electrical that is,...Ch. 4 - When a person performs work, it is non-pV work....Ch. 4 - Can non-pV work be obtained from a process for...Ch. 4 - Can pV work be obtained from a process for which...Ch. 4 - Batteries are chemical systems that can be used to...Ch. 4 - The value of G for any phase change at constant p...Ch. 4 - The value of G for any phase change at constant p...Ch. 4 - Under what conditions is A=0 for a phase change?...Ch. 4 - Example 4.2 calculated A for one step of a Carnot...Ch. 4 - Can CV and Cp be easily defined using the natural...Ch. 4 - Analogous to equation 4.26, what is the expression...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.30ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.31ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.32ECh. 4 - Although ideally, U=H=0 for a gas-phase process at...Ch. 4 - Use equations 4.21 and 4.25 to explain why H and G...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.35ECh. 4 - Which of the following functions are exact...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.37ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.38ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.39ECh. 4 - Equation 4.19 says that (UV)S=p If we are...Ch. 4 - For an isentropic process, what is the approximate...Ch. 4 - Use the ideal gas law to demonstrate the cyclic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.43ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.44ECh. 4 - Evaluate (U/V)T for an ideal gas. Use the...Ch. 4 - Evaluate (U/V)T for a van der Waals gas. Use the...Ch. 4 - Repeat the previous exercise for a gas that...Ch. 4 - Determine an expression for (p/S)T for an ideal...Ch. 4 - Determine the value of the derivative {[(G)]/T}p...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.50ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.51ECh. 4 - A 0.988-mole sample of argon expands from 25.0L to...Ch. 4 - A 3.66-mol sample of He contracts from 15.5L to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.54ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.55ECh. 4 - Use the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation to demonstrate...Ch. 4 - For the equation 2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g)...Ch. 4 - Use equation 4.46 as an example and find an...Ch. 4 - What is the value of G when 1.00mol of water at...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.60ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.61ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.62ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.63ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.64ECh. 4 - What is the change in the chemical potential of a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.66ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.67ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.68ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.69ECh. 4 - Can equation 4.62 be used to calculate for an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.71ECh. 4 - Of helium and oxygen gases, which one do you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.73ECh. 4 - Use equation 4.39 to determine a numerical value...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.75ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.76E
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- What is the change in internal energy when a gas contracts from 377mL to 119mLundera pressure of 1550 torr, whileat the same time being cooled by removing 124.0J ofheat energy?arrow_forwardDetermine an expression for V/T p, n in terms of and . Does the sign on the expression make sense in terms of what you know happens to volume as temperature changes?arrow_forwardIt requires 120 J of heat to raise the temperature of 50.5 g of samarium from 275.0 K to 287.7 K. What is the molar heat capacity of samarium?arrow_forward
- A sample of nitrogen initially at T = 25 oC and p = 4.0 atm triples its initial volume. What will be its final temperature and pressure if it expands reversibly adiabatically?arrow_forwardCalculate the change in molar enthalpy DHm when the given gas is heated from 25 oC to 500 oC using the expression above. The constants a, b, and c are available in Table 2B.1.arrow_forwardWhen 178 J of energy is supplied as heat at constant pressure to 1.9 mol of gas molecules, the temperature of the sample increases by 1.78 K. Calculate the molar heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure of the gas.arrow_forward
- 1 mol of an ideal gas at 25 ° C and 10 atmospheres (Cp = 3.5 R), adiabatically and reversibly 5 What will be the final volume and temperature when it expands into the atmosphere?arrow_forwardWhen 178.0 J of energy is supplied as heat to 1.90 mol of gas molecules, the temperature of the system increases by 1.78 K. Calculate the molar heat capacity at constant pressure.arrow_forwardCalculate the work (in J) associated with the expansion of a gas from 44ml to 63 ml at a constant pressure of 14 armarrow_forward
- Nitrogen gas stored in a flexible container expanded from a volume of 500 dm3 to a volume of 600 dm3 at a constant external pressure of 101.3 kPa upon absorbing 35.5 kJ of heat. How much is the change in the internal energy of the gas?arrow_forwarda chemist carefully measure the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a 0.60 kg sample of a pure substance from 47.3 c tp 53.3c. the experiment shows that 15. kj of heat are needed. what can the chemist report for the specific heat capacity of the substance? round to 2 sig figs.arrow_forward1. In an isobaric system, one (1) mole of monoatomic ideal gas at 25 °C was heated, then undergoes expansion against a constant external pressure of 1 atm until the initial volume of 1 L become 10 L. Calculate: a) Temperature T2 b) Work, w c) Internal Energy, AU d) Enthalpy, AH. e) Heat , qarrow_forward
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Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY