Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons. Concept Introduction: Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows: Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom. Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom. Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom. The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion. Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons. Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons. The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Question

How many valence electrons does hydrogen need to complete its shell? Which group is most similar to hydrogen?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

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How many valence electrons does hydrogen need to complete its shell? Which group is most similar to hydrogen?

1. What is ionization energy? How does it change as you go across a row in the periodic table? Be sure to use the coulombic attraction between electrons and the nucleus in your explanation. 2. How does ionization energy change as you go down a group in the periodic table? Be sure to use the coulombic attraction between electrons and the nucleus in your explanation.

Reorder the list in the table, if necessary, so that the atoms and ions in it are list in order of decreasing size.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:

Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.

Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.

Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 4.2 - How many valence electrons are present in an atom...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 4.2 - Which of the following elements would have the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2QQ

Solution Summary: The author identifies the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Chapter 4 Solutions