(a)
Interpretation: For the given set of process the equations representing the process should be determined.
Concept Introduction
- The
electron affinity is the amount of energy released during the process when an isolated atom in gaseous phase accepts an electron that results in monovalent gaseous anion.
Example:
- The electron affinity gets increases across the periods that are the horizontal rows in the periodic table.
To identify: The equations for the given electron affinity process for the given ions
(c)
Interpretation: For the given set of process the equations representing the process should be determined.
Concept Introduction
- The electron affinity is the amount of energy released during the process when an isolated atom in gaseous phase accepts an electron that results in monovalent gaseous anion.
Example:
- The electron affinity gets increases across the periods that are the horizontal rows in the periodic table.
To identify: The equations for the given electron affinity process for the given ions
(b)
Concept Introduction
First ionization energy:
The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
Second ionization:
Repeating the same process that is removal of another electron that is second electron from the resulting ion of first ionization is called second ionization.
Third ionization energy:
Removal of electron from ion that results from the second ionization is called third ionization which results to give ion with three positive charges which shows, three electrons gets removed from the atom and the energy associated with it is called third ionization energy.
(d)
Concept Introduction
First ionization energy:
The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
Second ionization:
Repeating the same process that is removal of another electron that is second electron from the resulting ion of first ionization is called second ionization.
Third ionization energy:
Removal of electron from ion that results from the second ionization is called third ionization which results to give ion with three positive charges which shows, three electrons gets removed from the atom and the energy associated with it is called third ionization energy.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT
- (a) What is the general relationship between the size of anatom and its first ionization energy? (b) Which element inthe periodic table has the largest ionization energy? Whichhas the smallest?arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between the ionization energy of an anion with a -1 charge, such as F−, and the electron affinity of the neutral atom, F? Express your answer in terms of EF, which represents the electron affinity of the neutral atom, F.arrow_forwardWhich elements on the periodic table tend to have the lowest first ionisation energy? What is the implication of this?arrow_forward
- Bromine is used in the manufacture of disinfectant products, it has a very strong oxidizing character, due to the great electronic affinity it presents. Based on this, what will be the electron affinity in kJ/mol bromine from the following equations?arrow_forwardWhich of these has the largest first ionization energy: B, Al, C, Si?arrow_forwardQuestion: What is the relationship between the ionization potential and electron affinity of an element, and how does it affect its reactivity?arrow_forward
- A) Which of the halogen elements has the highest density in its standard state? B) Which of the elements of the third period should have the highest 2nd ionization energy? C) For which of Al, Si or P is the absolute value of the Electron Affinity greatest? D) Which of the ions Mg2+, Sr2+, Ca2+, Be2+, Ba2+, or Ra2+ is the smallest? E) For the elements: X = Br, I, Cl, or H, which has the the smallest average X-C bond energy?arrow_forwarda) Which element has greater ionization energy than bismuth (Bi), has a larger atomic size than iodine, and has one unpaired electron? b) Which element(s) belong to period 3 and have/has 2 unpaired electrons?arrow_forwardWhich of the following sets of quantum numbers would account for the highest-energy electron in Ni2+?arrow_forward
- Arrange in order of increasing ionization energy. (a) the Group 1A elements H, Li, and Cs (b) the Period 4 elements As, K, & Searrow_forwardSummarize the acid-base behavior of the main-group metal and nonmetal oxides in water. How does oxide acidity in water change down a group and across a period?arrow_forwardSince the first ionization energy of rubidium is +403 kJ mol, how many kJ of energy is it required to convert 22.90 g gaseous rubidium to +1 monoatomic ion at constant temperature?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning