The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase. The bond length and bond energy have been measured to be 97.06 pm and 424.7 kJ/mol, respectively. Assume that the OH molecule is analogous to the HF molecule discussed in the chapter and that molecular orbitals result from the overlap of a lowerenergy p z , orbital from oxygen with the higher-energy l s orbital of hydrogen (the O—H bond lies along the z-axis). a. Which of the two molecular orbitals will have the greater hydrogen 1 s character? b. Can the 2 p x orbital of oxygen form molecular orbitals with the 1 s orbital of hydrogen? Explain. c. Knowing that only the 2 p orbitals of oxygen will interact significantly with the 1 s orbital of hydrogen, complete the molecular orbital energy-level diagram for OH. Place the correct number of electrons in the energy levels. d. Estimate the bond order for OH. e. Predict whether the bond order of OH + will be greater than, less than, or the same as that of OH. Explain.

Concept introduction: Molecular structure can be determined by using molecular orbital theory. The two types of orbitals are formed by combination of atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule. One orbital is bonding molecular orbital and other orbital is anti-bonding molecular orbital.

To determine: The molecular orbitals that have greater hydrogen 1s character.

Explanation of Solution

In OH molecule, antibonding σ∗ orbital will have greater hydrogen 1s character

Answer 6

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The answers for the given questions are to be stated

Concept introduction: Molecular structure can be determined by using molecular orbital theory. The two types of orbitals are formed by combination of atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule. One orbital is bonding molecular orbital and other orbital is anti-bonding molecular orbital.

To determine: The explanation if the 2px orbital of oxygen form molecular orbitals with the 1s orbital of hydrogen.

Answer 7

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The answers for the given questions are to be stated

Concept introduction: Molecular structure can be determined by using molecular orbital theory. The two types of orbitals are formed by combination of atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule. One orbital is bonding molecular orbital and other orbital is anti-bonding molecular orbital.

To determine: The energy level diagram of OH molecule by placing correct number of electrons in energy levels.

Answer 8

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The answers for the given questions are to be stated

Concept introduction: Molecular structure can be determined by using molecular orbital theory. The two types of orbitals are formed by combination of atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule. One orbital is bonding molecular orbital and other orbital is anti-bonding molecular orbital.

To determine: The comparison of bond order of OH and OH+

Answer 9

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The answers for the given questions are to be stated

Concept introduction: Molecular structure can be determined by using molecular orbital theory. The two types of orbitals are formed by combination of atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule. One orbital is bonding molecular orbital and other orbital is anti-bonding molecular orbital.

To determine: The comparison of bond order of OH and OH+

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

Explanation of Solution

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