Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 40, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The animals tend to get adaptation to their environment in order to survive themselves. Hypertonic environment of the ocean is the selective pressure that shaped the kidney of these animals most efficiently to remove the toxins with less water. Marine animals live in a hypertonic environment of the ocean. Ocean contains higher solute concentration. Freshwater fish take in water by osmosis, so they produce a large volume of urine. By contrast, marine fish lose water by osmosis and produce little urine.
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In a freshwater fish, a. water moves into the fish by osmosis.b. ions diffuse into the fish.c. urine has a high solute concentration.d. cells pump ions out of the fish.
Sharks live in marine (saltwater) habitats and are osmoconformers. Based on this information which of the following is/are true (select all that apply): A. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are isoosmotic relative to the environment B. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are hypoosmotic relative to the environment C. Sharks devote considerable energy to osmoregulation D. Sharks do not devote much energy to osmoregulation
Here is a chloride cell in the gill epithelium of a fish. For reference, NKA = Na+/K+ ATPaseNKCC = Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporter.
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fresh water fish
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Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3DAACh. 40 - An insect's ___ deliver nitrogen-rich waste to its...Ch. 40 - Bowman's capsule, the start of the tubular part of...Ch. 40 - Fluid that enters Bowman's capsule flows directly...Ch. 40 - Blood pressure forces water and small solutes into...Ch. 40 - Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes...Ch. 40 - Prob. 6SQCh. 40 - Prob. 7SQ
Ch. 40 - Match each .structure with a function. _____...Ch. 40 - Prob. 9SQCh. 40 - Prob. 10SQCh. 40 - Prob. 11SQCh. 40 - Prob. 12SQCh. 40 - Prob. 13SQCh. 40 - Prob. 14SQCh. 40 - Prob. 15SQCh. 40 - Like desert rodents such as the kangaroo rat,...Ch. 40 - Compared to closely related species that live in...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3CTCh. 40 - Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What...
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- Most of the water in an animal’s bodya. lacks any type of dissolved ions or other solutes.b. is found in the spaces between cells.c. is contained inside the cells.d. is located in the extracellular fluid.e. is unable to move between body compartments.arrow_forwarda) The process by which salmon maintain an internal balance is called osmoregulation. Describe how salmon achieve osmoregulation as they migrate between fresh and saltwater environments. b) Describe what happens to salmon in fresh water. What direction do solutes tend to move via diffusion? What direction does water tend to move via osmosis?arrow_forwardMost marine invertebrates are osmotic conformers. How does their body fluid differ from that of sharks and rays, which are also in near osmotic equilibrium with their environment?arrow_forward
- Ectotherms cannot be considered homeotherms, since they do not use mechanisms to keep their internal body temperatures at a constant temperature. A. True B. Falsearrow_forwardIncreasing the concentration of solutes increases osmotic potential, hence water potential decreases. A. Agree, because presence of solutes increses osmotic pressure and thus osmotic potential. C. Agree, because they just represent the same values. D. Disagree, because it is the decrease in water pressure that decreases osmotic potential. B. Disagree, because presence of solutes increases osmotic pressure which decreases osmotic potential.arrow_forwardI. Water enters and leaves cells through what process? A. Active transport B. Diffusion C. Osmosis D. Osmolarity II. These ball of capillaries filter solutes from the blood? A. nephrons B. kidney C. glomerulus D. ureter III. This triggers the guard cells’ daily clocking in every 24 hours? A. Aquaporins B. Circadian rhythm C. Abscisic acid D. Lactic Acidarrow_forward
- a. The concentration of sodium ions is inside the cell . b. The concentration of potassium ions is inside the cell . c. The concentration of calcium ions is higher .arrow_forwardWhich an increase in osmotic pressure? a.)Stimulus b.)Responce c.)Receptor d.)Modulatorarrow_forwardSolutes tend to diffuse from a region where they ar_____ concentrated to an adjacent region where they are_______ concentrated. a. more, less c. movement is independent b. less, more of concentrationarrow_forward
- Osmoconformers that live in marine environments have bodies that are ____ to the seawater. A. hypertonic B. isotonic C. hypotonicarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an ion homeostatically maintained in vertebrates? a. Cl– b. Na+ c. Ca2+ d. Fl–arrow_forwardAtrophy refers to ________.a. loss of elasticityb. loss of massc. loss of rigidityd. loss of permeabilityarrow_forward
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