Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780357093795
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING (CUSTOM)
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Question
Chapter 40, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The importance of maintaining sodium level in the body.
Concept introduction: A hypotonic environment contains less solute concentration than the solutes present in the cell and water will diffuse inside the cell.
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excess sodium ion is considered hazardous, but a certain amount is necessary for normal body functions. What is the purpose of sodium in the body?
Drinking too much water can be a bad thing. If someone sweats heavily and drinks lots of water, his or her sodium levels drop. The resulting “water intoxication” can be fatal. Why is the sodium balance so important?
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Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3DAACh. 40 - An insect's ___ deliver nitrogen-rich waste to its...Ch. 40 - Bowman's capsule, the start of the tubular part of...Ch. 40 - Fluid that enters Bowman's capsule flows directly...Ch. 40 - Blood pressure forces water and small solutes into...Ch. 40 - Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes...Ch. 40 - Prob. 6SQCh. 40 - Prob. 7SQ
Ch. 40 - Match each .structure with a function. _____...Ch. 40 - Prob. 9SQCh. 40 - Prob. 10SQCh. 40 - Prob. 11SQCh. 40 - Prob. 12SQCh. 40 - Prob. 13SQCh. 40 - Prob. 14SQCh. 40 - Prob. 15SQCh. 40 - Like desert rodents such as the kangaroo rat,...Ch. 40 - Compared to closely related species that live in...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3CTCh. 40 - Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What...
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- Drinking too much water can be a bad thing. If someone sweats heavily and drinks lots of water, their sodium levels drop. The resulting water intoxication can be fatal. Why is the sodium balance so important?arrow_forwardWhy is excretion important in order to achieve osmotic balance?arrow_forwardWater concentration in the body is critical for proper functioning. A persons body retains very tight control on water levels without conscious control by the person. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/H2Ocon) to learn more about water concentration in the body. Which organ has primary control over the amount of water in the body?arrow_forward
- A runner drinks three cups of caffeinated coffee to prevent becoming dehydrated while completing a marathon. Do you think this practice will help prevent dehydration or promote dehydration? Explain your answerarrow_forwardGout—a condition that results in joint swelling and pain—is caused by the formation of sodium urate (NaC5H3N4O3) crystals within tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. Sodium urate precipitates out of blood plasma when uric acid levels become abnormally high. This sometimes happens as a result of eating too many rich foods and consuming too much alcohol, which is why gout is sometimes referred to as the “disease of kings.” If the sodium concentration in blood plasma is 0.140 M, and Ksp for sodium urate is 5.76 * 10 - 8, what minimum concentration of urate would result in precipitation?arrow_forwardIn a hot, dry desert a person can lose lots of water through sweating, but show no visible signs of sweating. One problem is that people may not realize how much water they are losing through sweating. Why is it important to drink plenty of water under hot, dry desert conditions even when you do not feel like or realize you are sweating much? Beside dehydration, you should explain why the human body will overheat if unable to sweat under very hot and dry conditions.arrow_forward
- Why are humans not able to meet their water requirements by drinking seawater? Assume seawater has a concentration of 1400 mOsM. In your explanation, consider both the renal system and the digestive system. Additionally, describe the physiology of two symptoms of excessive seawater consumption that occur prior to death.arrow_forwardA high fever is likely to cause deep, rapid respirations,excessive perspiration, and higher metabolic rate. Howwould this affect the fluid and electrolyte balance in thebody?arrow_forwardSolutions conduct electricity, if there are charged particles or ions present. Our body contains ions, too. Thus, solution containing ions are called electrolytes. Why do you feel thirsty after playing or working outside? Sometimes, you suffer from cramps or headaches, in extreme cases, you may even experience vomiting and nausea. These are symptoms of electrolyte imbalance in the body. Suggest ways or recommendations that can be given to a person who experience electrolyte imbalance.arrow_forward
- What is the role of electrolyte in our body? Which body fluid can serve as extracellular electrolyte and how?arrow_forwardAlcohol consumption generally leads to greater urine volume. How does alcohol affect urine concentration in the body?arrow_forwardJessica’s plasma osmolality was higher than normal, and she complained of being constantly thirsty.How does her high plasma osmolality cause her thirst?How does her high plasma osmolality relate to her taking a diuretic drug and having hyperglycemia?arrow_forward
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