Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 41, Problem 7TYK
Which of the following events does not occur during light absorption in the vertebrate eye?
The retinal component of rhodopsin changes from cis to trans form.
Rhodopsin, a G-protein–coupled receptor, triggers a signaltransduction pathway to close Na+ channels in the plasmamembrane.
The light stimulus passes from rods and cones to bipolar cellsand horizontal cells and then to ganglion cells, whose axonscompose the optic nerve.
As light absorption increases, the rhodopsin response causesan increase in the release of neurotransmitters.
When integrating information across the retina, horizontalcells connect the rods and cones, and amacrine cells join with the bipolar cells and ganglion cells.
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In the complete absence of light, a rod will
become strongly depolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters
become strongly hyperpolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters
become strongly hyperpolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters
become strongly depolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters
None of these
Which of the following defines a rod cell of the human eye?
Opening through which light enters the eye
Ring of smooth muscle that adjusts how much light enters the eye
A photoreceptor active in dim light that provides a coarse perception of an image and detects motion
A photoreceptor that provides sharp vision and allows detection of color
Events in Visual Perception
Potassium channels open. Potassium ions move out of the neuron.
Some sodium channels open in the neuronal membrane of the dendrite.
All ion channels close and the Na+/K+ exchange pump starts working.
Some sodium ions diffuse into the neuron membrane of the dendrite.
Lights hit the retina.
The threshold level is reached at the neuronal membrane of the dendrite.
The remaining sodium channels open. Sodium ions move into the neuron.
List, in order, the events in visual perception that must occur for a person to see an object:
Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.2 - What properties qualify proprioceptors as...Ch. 41.3 - What vibration-detecting systems are found in...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.4 - For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a)...Ch. 41.5 - How do we distinguish different kinds of smells?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.6 - Prob. 1SB
Ch. 41.7 - What are three ways electroreceptors are used in...Ch. 41 - An ambulance siren in close proximity to a dog can...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 41 - Which of the following situations is associated...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 41 - The eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods are...Ch. 41 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 41 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 41 - Discuss Concepts In owls and many other birds of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 3ITD
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- When light hits the center of an ON-center receptive field, which of the following processes occur: a. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. b. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release less glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. c. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells increase rate of APs. d. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; ganglion cells increase rate of APs.arrow_forwardWhich part of the human eye conveys the electrical signals generated by the light sensitive cells of the retina, on the brain?arrow_forwardWhen a person blinks, the part of the brain that interprets visual stimulation is suppressed. The spontaneous act of blinking is controlled by the area of the brain that controls involuntary movements such as breathing and blood pressure. To determine whether the lack of light or the act of blinking causes the suppression, scientists had subjects close their eyes and then placed a bright flashing light in their mouth to stimulate the photoreceptors in the eyes through the palate. Visual stimulation was still suppressed. So the photoreceptors in the retina were not stimulated even though they were exposed to light. This study demonstrated that when a person blinks, it is the act of blinking and not the absence of light that causes the suppression of visual stimulation. In the diagram above, identify the part of the brain that is suppressed during blinking and the part of the brain that controls involuntary, spontaneous blinking. Select one: a. 3 and 8 b. 2 and 9 c. 5 and 6 d. 1…arrow_forward
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