Concept explainers
Biology-Reproduction Another model, the predator satiation model for population growth, specifies that the reproductive rate of an organism as a function of the total population varies according to the following formula:
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Applied Calculus
- Flood Control A river is 8 feet above its flood stage. The water is receding at a rate of 3 inches per hour. Write a mathematical model that shows the number of feet above flood stage after t hours. Assuming the water continually recedes at this rate, when will the river be 1 foot above its flood stage?arrow_forwardMarine Fishery One class of models for population growth rates in marine fisheries assumes that the harvest from fishing is proportional to the population size. For one such model, we have G=0.3n(1n2)0.1n Here G is the growth rate of the population, in millions of tons of fish per year, and n is the population size, in millions of tons of fish. a.Make a graph of G versus n. include values of n up to 1.5 million tons. b.Use functional notation to express the growth rate if the population size is 0.24 million tons, and then calculate that value. c. Calculate G1.42 and explain in practical terms what your answer means. d.At what population size is the growth rate the largest?arrow_forwardGrazing Kangaroos The amount of vegetation eaten in a day by a grazing animal V of food available measured as biomass, in units such as pounds per acre. This relationship is called the functional response. If there is little vegetation available, the daily intake will be small, since the animal will have difficulty finding and eating the food. As the amount of food biomass increases, so does the daily intake. Clearly, though, there is a limit to the amount the animal will eat, regardless of the amount of food available. This maximum amount eaten is the satiation level. a.For the western grey kangaroo of Australia, the functional response is G=2.54.8e0.004V, where G=G(V) is the daily intake measured in pounds and V is the vegetation biomass measured in pounds per acre. i. Draw a graph of G against V. Include vegetation biomass levels up to 2000 pounds per acre. ii. Is the graph you found in part i concave up or concave down? Explain in practical terms what your answer means about how this kangaroo feeds. iii. There is a minimal vegetation biomass level below which the western grey kangaroo will eat nothing. Another way of expressing this is to say that the animal cannot reduce the food biomass below this level. Find this minimal level. iv. Find the satiation level for the western grey kangaroo. b. For the red kangaroo of Australia, the functional response is R=1.91.9e0.033V, Where R is the daily intake measured in pounds and V is the vegetation biomass measured in pounds per acre. i. Add the graph of R against V to the graph of G you drew in part a. ii. A simple measure of the grazing efficiency of an animal involves the minimal vegetation biomass level described above: The lower the minimal level for an animal, the more efficient it is at grazing. Which is more efficient at grazing, the western grey kangaroo or the red kangaroo?arrow_forward
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