BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264037452
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 46.8, Problem 3LO
Summary Introduction
To discuss: The convergent evolution at the molecular level in herbivores.
Introduction: The herbivore is an animal physiologically and anatomically adapted to eating plant material. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals generally have mouthparts adapted to grinding or rasping.
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Phylogenetic trees are used to show the evolutionary relationships among various biological species and are usually based upon shared derived characters. In constructing phylogenetic trees, it is useful to first draw up a character table to show the presence or absence of characters among the various groups of organisms being studied.
a. Draw up a character table based upon the following shared derived characters of land plants: flowers, seeds, vascular tissues, and dependent embryos. Your character table must include the names/descriptions of the plant groups that are being characterized.
b. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on this data.
Flowering plants have common ancestors with other plants and plant-like organisms. The table below shows the last common ancestor
shared between flowering plants and two other types of organisms.
Last common ancestor with flowering plants
Cone-producing plants
250 million years ago
Green Algae
500 million years ago
A scientist compares the amino acid sequences of a protein produced by flowering plants, a cone-producing plant, and green algae.
What prediction about these sequences is supported by the data in the table?
The amino acid sequences for flowering plants and cone-producing plants will be the most similar.
O The amino acid sequences for all three organisms will be identical.
O The amino acid sequences for flowering plants and green algae will be the most similar.
O The amino acid sequences for all three organisms will have no similarities.
Orange is growth of an evolved strain of bacteria and blue is its ancestor.
Calculate:
A) growth rate of evolved and growth rate of ancestor
B) doubling time of the evolved and doubling time of the ancestor
C) relative fitness of the evolved compared to the ancestor
D) frequency of the evolved after 10 hours if the initial frequency of the ancestor is 0.5
Chapter 46 Solutions
BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
Ch. 46.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 46.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.4 - Explain how absorbed nutrients move into the blood...Ch. 46.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 46.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 46.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 46.7 - Prob. 3LOCh. 46.8 - Prob. 1LOCh. 46.8 - Describe how rumination works.Ch. 46.8 - Prob. 3LOCh. 46 - Prob. 1DACh. 46 - If you constructed a phylogeny using molecular...Ch. 46 - Prob. 1IQCh. 46 - Prob. 2IQCh. 46 - Prob. 3IQCh. 46 - Prob. 4IQCh. 46 - How is the digestion of fats different from that...Ch. 46 - Although the stomach is normally thought of as the...Ch. 46 - After being absorbed through the intestinal...Ch. 46 - Which of these pairings is incorrect? a. Fat...Ch. 46 - Intestinal microorganisms aid digestion and...Ch. 46 - Prob. 6UCh. 46 - Which of the following represents the action of...Ch. 46 - Prob. 1ACh. 46 - The primary function of the large intestine is to...Ch. 46 - Inactive forms of some molecules are secreted a....Ch. 46 - Prob. 4ACh. 46 - Many birds possess crops, although few mammals do....Ch. 46 - Suppose that you wanted to develop a new treatment...Ch. 46 - How could a drop in plasma proteins and a decrease...Ch. 46 - Unlike many cases of convergence (see section...Ch. 46 - Prob. 5S
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- Suggest a probable selective advantage of each of the following traits. a)clear wings of many flying insects b)long tongue of a chameleon c)tendrils of climbing plants d)eel's body shapearrow_forwardA cladogram shows the evolutionary relationship between humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas. The cladogram currently shows humans and chimpanzees with a more recent common ancestor compared to gorillas. Which piece of evidence, if true, would most likely weaken this hypothesis? Amino acid analysis of the cytochrome shows significant differences in the sequence of amino acids between humans and goriffas. DNA sequence analysis of the hemoglobin alpha gene shows that humans and chimpanzees have a more similar sequence to each other than they do to the gorilla's DNA sequence. The cells of the eye in embryos of gorillas and humans follow a similar pattern of development chimpanzee embryos are different Fossils of humans appear in deeper sedimentary rock layers compared to fossils of chimpanzees.arrow_forwardSCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Herbivory (plant eating) has evolvedrepeatedly in insects, typically from meat-eating or detritusfeeding ancestors (detritus is dead organic matter). Moths andbutterflies, for example, eat plants, whereas their “sister group”(the insect group to which they are most closely related), thecaddisflies, feed on animals, fungi, or detritus. As illustrated in the following phylogenetic tree, the combined moth/butterflyand caddisfly group shares a common ancestor with flies andfleas. Like caddisflies, flies and fleas are thought to have evolvedfrom ancestors that did not eat plants. There are 140,000 species of moths and butterflies and 7,000species of caddisflies. State a hypothesis about the impact ofherbivory on adaptive radiations in insects. How could thishypothesis be tested?arrow_forward
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