Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 48, Problem 17TYU
Test Your Understanding
17 EVOLUTION LINK Although the kidney is basically similar in all vertebrates, its structure and function vary somewhat among vertebrate taxa. What are some of the adaptations that have occurred during the evolution of the vertebrate kidney?
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How many times did a true "kidney" evolve in the animal clade. Which cases are clearly homologous (one evolutionary origin), and which must have evolved by convergent evolution and are therefore analogous?
1) Compared to those of similarly sized birds and lizards, the kidneys of mammals ______.
A) have larger glomeruli, but shorter nephron loops
B) have larger glomeruli, but shorter nephron loops
C) have lower concentration of urea in their renal medulla
D) have higher concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in their renal medulla
3. The purpose of this research was not to test the functionality of the transplanted kidneys, but whether or not the human body would reject them. Why are the researchers excited that the kidneys produced ‘robust’ urine and were able to withstand the higher human blood pressure exerted on kidneys in a human body
Chapter 48 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - How does osmoregulation contribute to homeostasis?Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.2 - What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Compare the structure and function of...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.4 - Relate the function of the vertebrate kidney to...
Ch. 48.4 - Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in...Ch. 48.4 - What type of osmoregulatory challenge is faced by...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 48.5 - Describe (and label on a diagram) the structures...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 48 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 48 - Test Your Understanding 3 To compensate for fluid...Ch. 48 - The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a)...Ch. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 8 Which is not true of...Ch. 48 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 48 - Arrange the following structures into an accurate...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 12 VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 48 - EVOLUTION LINK The number of protonephridia in a...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although...Ch. 48 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The kangaroo rats diet consists of dry seeds, and it drinks no water. What types of osmoregulatory adaptations might help this animal survive?arrow_forwardSCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with kidney disease lives 10 to 15 years longer with a kidney transplant than on continued dialysis. However, in the United States many individuals have difficulty being accepted by a transplant program because they do not have adequate insurance or other resources. The immunosuppressive drugs and other medications required after the surgery are also very expensive, costing about 2500 per month. Should economic status be a deciding factor about whether a person lives or dies? or about quality of life?arrow_forwardis the human kidney a model for all mammalian kidneys?arrow_forward
- The bodily fluids of freshwater fish contain higher concentration of dissolved solids in their surroundings, so they tend to bloat (take in water) or lose electrolytes. How can freshwater fish avoid this? 1.) By drinking lots of water? 2.) By actively transporting ions out from the gills into the water? 3.) by excreting highly concentrated urine? 4.) by resorbing ions in nephronsarrow_forwardDiscuss the evolution of the various excretory mechanisms in animals. Ex. from contractile vacuoles to vertebrate kidney. own words pleasearrow_forward1.How to develop an artificial kidney? What are the most important part of the artificial kidney? 2. A man is trapped in a raft at sea for days, with no fresh water. Why can’t he drink seawater to quench his thirst? Explain what drinking seawater would do to the man’s kidney functions.arrow_forward
- In a short essay (100–150 words), compare how membrane structures in the loop of Henle and collecting duct of the mammalian kidney enable water to be recovered from filtrate in the process of osmoregulation.arrow_forwardDescribe the four functional regions of the mammalian kidney.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast ion and water balance in animals that use protonephridia, metanephridia, and kidneys. Which of the 6 functions of a vertebrate kidney are accomplished by each, and how do they achieve these functions?arrow_forward
- Explain how the kidney, plays an important role in the osmoregulation of the human body.arrow_forwardPlease define/describe the following 3 renal functions in mammals: filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Describe at least one location in the nephron where each of these functions takes place. How does each of these functions contribute to homeostasis of the organism?arrow_forward2. Describe what happens inside the filtering unit of the kidney 3. How do the kidneys help maintain homeostasis the body ? 4. Describe how guard cells regulate transpiration 5. Shortly after you dink a large glass of water, you will feel the urizateExplain this observation. Begin by the path of water, starting at the stomach and ending with the arrival of urine in the bladderarrow_forward
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