Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199030
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 19CR
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given table should be completed.

Concept Introduction:

  • Symbol is one or two letter abbreviation for an element.
  • Atomic number of an element is defined as number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element. Each element has unique atomic number,
  • Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 19CR

    SymbolNameAtomic numberGroup number
      AlAluminum1313
      RnRadon862
      SSulfur1616
      SrStrontium382
      BrBromine3517
      CCarbon614
      BaBarium 562
      RaRadium882
      NaSodium111
      KPotassium191
      GeGermanium3214
      ClChlorine1717

Explanation of Solution

Given:

    SymbolNameAtomic number Group number
      Al
    Radon
    Sulfur
    38
      Br
    Carbon
      Ba
    88
    11
      K
    Germanium
    17
  • Symbol: Al

The given symbol is Al which is the atomic symbol of Aluminum and its atomic number is 13. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Al is:

[Ne] 3s23p1

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 3(valence shell electrons) = 13

  • Name: radon
The given name is radon which has atomic symbol Ra and its atomic number is 88. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Ra is:

[Rn] 7s2

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)

  • Name: sulfur

The given name is sulfur which has atomic symbol S and its atomic number is 16. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of S is:

[Ne] 3s2 3p4

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 6 (valence shell electrons) = 16

  • Atomic number: 38

The given atomic number is 38 which is the atomic number of strontium, which is represented by symbol Sr. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Sr is:

[Kr]5s2

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)

  • Symbol: Br

The given symbol is Br which is the atomic symbol of Bromine and its atomic number is 35. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Br is:

[Ar]3d104s24p5

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 7 (valence shell electrons) = 17

  • Name: carbon
The given name is carbon which has atomic symbol C and its atomic number is 6. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of C is:

[He]2s22p2

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 4 (valence shell electrons) = 14

  • Symbol: Ba
The given symbol is Ba which is the atomic symbol of Barium and its atomic number is 56. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Ba is:

[Xe]6s2

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)

  • Atomic number: 88
The given atomic number is 88 which is the atomic number of radium, which is represented by symbol Ra. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Ra is:

[Rn]7s2

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)

  • Atomic number: 11
The given atomic number is 11 which is the atomic number of sodium, which is represented by symbol Na. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Na is:

[Ne]3s1

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 1 (valence shell electrons)

  • Symbol: K
The given symbol is K which is the atomic symbol of potassium and its atomic number is 19. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of K is:

[Ar]4s1

The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 1 (valence shell electrons)

  • Name: germanium
The given name is germanium which has atomic symbol Ge and its atomic number is 32. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Ge is:

[Ar]3d104s24p2

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 4 (valence shell electrons) = 14

  • Atomic number: 17
The given atomic number is 17 which is the atomic number of chlorine, which is represented by symbol Cl. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Cl is:

[Ne]3s23p5

The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 7 (valence shell electrons) = 17

Conclusion

Hence, the complete table is:

    SymbolNameAtomic numberGroup number
      AlAluminum1313
      RnRadon862
      SSulfur1616
      SrStrontium382
      BrBromine3517
      CCarbon614
      BaBarium 562
      RaRadium882
      NaSodium111
      KPotassium191
      GeGermanium3214
      ClChlorine1717

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

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