a) Cyclobutanol
In cyclobutanol, the prefix cyclo indicates that the structure is cyclic. The suffix ‘–ol’ indicates the functional group is alcohol. Cyclobutanol represents a cyclic ring of four carbon atoms with the hydroxyl group attached to one of the carbon atoms of the ring.
Therefore, the structure of cyclobutanol is as shown below.
b) sec-Butyl alcohol.
In sec-Butyl alcohol, the word ‘butyl’ indicates that there is a 4 carbon chain. The prefix ‘sec’ and the word alcohol indicates that the functional group, which is alcohol in this case, is attached to the secondary carbon atom on the butane chain.
The structure of sec-Butyl alcohol is shown as follows.
c) 3-Heptanol
In 3-Heptanol, the prefix ‘hept-’ indicates that the parent chain has 7 carbon atoms. The suffix ‘–ol’ indicates that the functional group is alcohol. The number 3 indicates that the alcohol group is attached to the third carbon atom of the heptane chain.
Therefore, the structure of 3-Heptanol is drawn as follows.
d) trans-2-Chlorocyclopentanol
In trans-2-Chlorocyclopentanol, ‘cyclopentanol’ indicates that the parent compound is cyclopentane. The prefix ‘chloro’ indicates that the chlorine atom is attached to the parent compound and its position is second carbon atom. The suffix ‘-ol’ indicates that the functional group is alcohol here and it is attached to carbon atom numbered one.
The prefix ‘trans’ indicates that the chlorine and hydroxyl groups are on the opposite sides of the cyclopentane ring.
The structure of trans-2-Chlorocyclopentanol can be shown as below.
e) 2,6-Dichloro-4-methyl-4-octanol.
In 2,6-Dichloro-4-methyl-4-octanol, the parent alkane is octane. The hydroxyl group is attached to the fourth carbon atom. One chlorine atom is attached to the second carbon atom while the other chlorine atom is attached to the sixth carbon atom of the octane chain. A methyl group is attached to the fourth carbon atom of the octane chain.
Therefore, the structure of 2,6-Dichloro-4-methyl-4-octanol can be shown as follows.
f) trans-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol
In trans-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol, the parent chain is a cyclic hexane ring. The tertiary butyl group is attached to the fourth carbon atom while the hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon atom. These two groups are trans to each other. In other words, they are on the opposite sides of the cyclohexane ring.
The structure of trans-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol is shown below:
g) 1-Cyclopropylethanol
In 1-Cyclopropylethanol, the parent alkane is ethane. The hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon atom. The cyclopropyl group is also attached to the first carbon atom of ethane.
The structure of 1-Cyclopropylethanol can be shown as follows.
h) 2-Cyclopropylethanol
In 2-Cyclopropylethanol, the parent alkane is ethane. The hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon atom while the cyclopropyl group is attached to the second carbon atom of ethane.
The structure of 2-Cyclopropylethanol is shown below: