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The Lewis structures for
Use Lewis theory and VSEPR theory to draw similar space-filling molecular images of
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry In Focus
- Draw the Lewis Structure for each covalent system a-e below, and answer the question that follows: Electronegativites: H = 2.1 C = 2.5, B = 2.0N = 3.0, 0 = 3.5 S = 2.5, F = 4.0, Xe = 2.6 a. (OF 2 )Is this molecular POLAR or NONPOLAR? b. (XeF2) What is the geometry of this molecule? c. (SO 3 ^ 2- )What is the polyatomic ion geometry? (Assume "S" obeys octet) d.( CH 2 F 2 )Is this molecular POLAR or NONPOLAR? e.( BF 3 )Is this molecular POLAR NONPOLARarrow_forwardThere are two main types of covalent bond breakage. In ho-molytic breakage , each atom in the bond gets one of the shared electrons. In some cases, the electronega-tivity of adjacent atoms affects the bond energy. In heterolytic breakage, one atom gets both electrons and the other gets none;thus, a cation and an anion form. (a) Why is the C−C bond in H₃C−CF₃(423 kJ/mol) strongerthan that in H₃C−CH₃(376 kJ/mol)?(b) Use bond energy and any other data to calculate the heat ofreaction for the heterolytic cleavage of O₂.arrow_forwardDetermine the number and type of chemical bonds in silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) and beryllium sulfide (BeS). 1.) One formula unit of silicon tetrachloride has ___________, (_____________) polar covalent nonpolar covalent ionic bond(s). 2.) One formula unit of beryllium sulfide has ______________, (_____________) polar covalent nonpolar covalent ionic bond(s). Name the following ionic compounds. Example.) ----(a) Cu(ClO)2_______Copper(II) hypochlorite___ (b) Rb3PO3 ____________________(c) Y2Se3______________________arrow_forward
- Propylene, C3H6,C3H6, is a gas that is used to form the important polymer called polypropylene. Its Lewis structure is (a) What is the total number of valence electrons in the propylene molecule? (b) How many valence electrons are used to make σσ bonds in the molecule? (c) How many valence electrons are used to make ππ bonds in the molecule? (d) How many valence electrons remain in nonbonding pairs in the molecule? (e) What is the hybridization at each carbon atom in the molecule?arrow_forwardMethane, which is CH4, has a tetrahedral shape. Why are structures and shape related to what the molecule can "do"? Please also draw and label a methane molecule.arrow_forward1) A) In the Lewis structure for IF2–, how many lone pairs of electrons are around the central iodine atom?a) 0b) 1c) 2d) 3e) 4B) The Cl–Xe–Cl bond angle in XeCl4 is closest toa) 90°b) 120°c) 150°d) 360°e) 109°C) Which of the following atoms cannot exceed the octet rule in a molecule?a) Bb) Snc) Pdd) Ie) All atoms exceed the octet rulearrow_forward
- 1.1 Define electronegativity and explain why electronegativity increases with atomic number within a period of the Periodic Table. 1.2 Describe the type of bonding that exists in F2 (g) molecule. How does this type of bonding differ from that found in the HF (g) molecule? 1.3 Define hydrogen bonding using examples. 1.4 PH3 and NH3 moleculea are the same shape but the molecules are non-polar and polar respectively. Explain why this is so. 1.5 Give an example of molecule that has a coordinate covalent bond. 1.6 Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following molecules of ions: a) HF3 b) CIO3-arrow_forwardLewis structures can be used to understand why some molecules react in certain ways. Write the Lewis structures for the reactants and products in the reactions described below. a. Nitrogen dioxide dimerizes to produce dinitrogen tetroxide. b. Boron trihydride accepts a pair of electrons from ammonia, forming BH3NH3. Give a possible explanation for why these two reactions occur.arrow_forwardPredict die molecular structure and bond angles for each molecule or ion in Exercises 88 and 94. a. POCl3, SO42, XeO4, PO43, ClO4 b. NF3, SO32, PO33, ClO3 c.ClO2, SCl2, PCl2 d. Considering your answers to parts a, b, and c. what conclusions can you draw concerning the structures of species containing the same number of atoms and the same number of valence electrons? (O3), sulfur dioxide, and sulfur trioxide.arrow_forward
- G. N. Lewis developed a model for chemical bonding that you have learned in this chapter. His theory was extremely successful and is used today at all levels of chemistry, from the introductory class to the research laboratory. Why was Lewis theory so successful?arrow_forwardWhy is the geometric structure of a molecule important, especially for biological molecules?arrow_forwardThe most common exceptions to the octet rule are compounds or ions with central atoms having more than eight electrons around them. PF5, SF4, CIF3, and Br3 are examples of this type of exception. Draw the Lewis structure for these compounds or ions. Which elements, when they have to, can have more than eight electrons around them? How is this rationalized?arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
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