Concept explainers
5-114 Carbon dioxide gas, saturated with water vapor, can be produced by the addition of aqueous acid to calcium carbonate based on the following balanced net ionic equation:
(a) How many moles of wet CO (g), collected at 60.°C and 774 torr total pressure, are produced by the complete reaction of 10.0 g of CaCO3 with excess acid?
(b) What volume does this wet CO2 occupy?
(c) What volume would the CO2 occupy at 774 torr if a desiccant (a chemical drying agent) were added to remove the water? The vapor pressure of water at 60.°C is 149.4 mm Hg.
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of wet
Concept Introduction:
Moles of wet
Answer to Problem 5.114P
The number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is
Explanation of Solution
The weight of calcium carbonate is
The temperature is
The pressure is
The molecular weight of calcium carbonate is calculated below:
The number of moles in
The balanced chemical equation is below:
From the above equation,
Therefore, the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is
(b)
Interpretation:
The volume of wet
Concept Introduction:
To determine the volume of wet
The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature, under two sets of conditions, is given by following equation.
Answer to Problem 5.114P
The value of carbon dioxide produced is
Explanation of Solution
The weight of calcium carbonate is
The temperature is.
The pressure is
The molecular weight of calcium carbonate is calculated below:
The number of moles in
The balanced chemical equation is below:
From the above equation:
Therefore, the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is
We know that at STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies
Therefore,
Therefore, the volume of
At STP, the value of
Now, convert the pressure from
We know that,
Therefore, the pressure is calculated below:
Now, convert temperature from
We know that,
Therefore,
The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature, under two sets of conditions, is given by following equation:
Upon rearranging, we get,
By substituting the values of
Hence the value of carbon dioxide produced is
(c)
Interpretation:
The volume of wet
Concept Introduction:
To determine the volume of wet
The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature, under two sets of conditions, is given by following equation.
Answer to Problem 5.114P
Explanation of Solution
The weight of calcium carbonate is
The temperature is
The pressure is
The vapor pressure of water at
The molecular weight of calcium carbonate is calculated below:
The number of moles in
The balanced chemical equation is below:
From the above equation:
Therefore, the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is
We know that at STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies
Therefore,
Therefore, the volume of
At STP, the value of
The pressure is
Now, convert the pressure from
We know that,
Therefore, the pressure is calculated below,
The vapor pressure of water at
Therefore, the pressure is calculated below,
Now, convert temperature from°C to K.
We know that,
Therefore,
The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature, under two sets of conditions, is given by following equation,
Upon rearranging, we get,
By substituting the values of
Hence the value of carbon dioxide produced is
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
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