Interpretation:The condition for which
Concept Introduction:The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between
For any reaction, the
Answer to Problem 5.1CP
For a spontaneous reaction,
Explanation of Solution
A system is the substance that is used to study in thermodynamic. The remaining part of universe is said to be surrounding. Overall one can say that universe is made from system and surrounding which are separated by an imaginary boundary. The entropy change for surrounding can be written as
According to the second law of thermodynamics, a spontaneous process causes the entropy of the universe to increase. Overall the net change in entropy for the system and the surrounding must be positive.
Hence, for a spontaneous reaction,
For a spontaneous reaction,
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