Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079373
Author: William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Concept explainers

Question
Chapter 5, Problem 87QAP
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The tank with the highest total pressure needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

According to the ideal gas law volume i.e. V, pressure i.e. P, number of moles i.e. m, temperature i.e. t and universal gas constant i.e. R are interrelated as below:

PV = nRT

When at two different conditions gases are placed, then to determine the changed variable combined gas law is used. Below is the formula of combined gas law:

P1V1n1T1Gas 1=P2V2n2T2Gas2

Here

  • P1 and P2 are the pressure of gases
  • V1 and V2 and volume of gases
  • n1 and n2 number of moles
  • T1 and T2 are the temperature of gases

Moles are known as the ratio of mass and molar mass. Below is the formula:

n = mMM

Here, MM is molar mass and m is the mass.

The kinetic model of gases is accounted for ideal gas behavior. The formula of average translational energy of gas is as below:

Et=3RT2NA

Here,

Et = average translational energy of gas

T = temperature in Kelvin

R = Universal gas constant

NA = Avogadro number

Effusion is known as the leakage of gas molecules from high to low pressure region via a pinhole. For any two gas molecules the formula to determine the time needed for effusion is as below:

u2u1=(MM1MM2)1/2

Here u1 and u2 is the rate of effusion for gas1 and gas 2. MM1 and MM2 is the molar mass for gas1 and gas 2.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 87QAP

Tank Y

Explanation of Solution

The given tanks are as follows:

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, Chapter 5, Problem 87QAP , additional homework tip  1

Here, circles represent CH4 gas, square represents oxygen and triangle represents SO2 gas.

The highest total pressure is in the tank Y. Because, tank Y has the maximum amount of gases mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The tank containing highest SO2 pressure needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

According to the ideal gas law volume i.e. V, pressure i.e. P, number of moles i.e. m, temperature i.e. t and universal gas constant i.e. R are interrelated as below:

PV = nRT

When at two different conditions gases are placed, then to determine the changed variable combined gas law is used. Below is the formula of combined gas law:

P1V1n1T1Gas 1=P2V2n2T2Gas2

Here

  • P1 and P2 are the pressure of gases
  • V1 and V2 and volume of gases
  • n1 and n2 number of moles
  • T1 and T2 are the temperature of gases

Moles are known as the ratio of mass and molar mass. Below is the formula:

n = mMM

Here, MM is molar mass and m is the mass.

The kinetic model of gases is accounted for ideal gas behavior. The formula of average translational energy of gas is as below:

Et=3RT2NA

Here,

Et = average translational energy of gas

T = temperature in Kelvin

R = Universal gas constant

NA = Avogadro number

Effusion is known as the leakage of gas molecules from high to low pressure region via a pinhole. For any two gas molecules the formula to determine the time needed for effusion is as below:

u2u1=(MM1MM2)1/2

Here, u1 and u2 is the rate of effusion for gas1 and gas 2. MM1 and MM2 is the molar mass for gas1 and gas 2.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 87QAP

Tank Y

Explanation of Solution

The given tanks are as follows:

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, Chapter 5, Problem 87QAP , additional homework tip  2

Here, circles represent CH4 gas, square represents oxygen and triangle represents SO2 gas.

Tank Y contains highest partial pressure of SO2 . This is because, Tank Y has the maximum moles of SO2 due to which it will have the maximum partial pressure.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The tank with same mass of all the three gases needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

According to the ideal gas law volume i.e. V, pressure i.e. P, number of moles i.e. m, temperature i.e. t and universal gas constant i.e. R are interrelated as below:

PV = nRT

When at two different conditions gases are placed, then to determine the changed variable combined gas law is used. Below is the formula of combined gas law:

P1V1n1T1Gas 1=P2V2n2T2Gas2

Here

  • P1 and P2 are the pressure of gases
  • V1 and V2 and volume of gases
  • n1 and n2 number of moles
  • T1 and T2 are the temperature of gases

Moles are known as the ratio of mass and molar mass. Below is the formula:

n = mMM

Here, MM is molar mass and m is the mass.

The kinetic model of gases is accounted for ideal gas behavior. The formula of average translational energy of gas is as below:

Et=3RT2NA

Here,

Et = average translational energy of gas

T = temperature in Kelvin

R = Universal gas constant

NA = Avogadro number

Effusion is known as the leakage of gas molecules from high to low pressure region via a pinhole. For any two gas molecules the formula to determine the time needed for effusion is as below:

u2u1=(MM1MM2)1/2

Here, u1 and u2 is the rate of effusion for gas1 and gas 2. MM1 and MM2 is the molar mass for gas1 and gas 2.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 87QAP

Tank Z

Explanation of Solution

The given tanks are as follows:

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, Chapter 5, Problem 87QAP , additional homework tip  3

Here, circles represent CH4 gas, square represents oxygen and triangle represents SO2 gas.

Tank Z contain the mass of all three gases same.

Mass of O2=2 mol of O2×Molar mass of O2                   = 2 mol × 32 g/mol                    = 64 g

Mass of CH4=4 mol of CH4×Molar mass of CH4                   = 4 mol × 16 g/mol                    = 64 g

Mass of SO2=1 mol of SO2×Molar mass of SO2                   = 1 mol × 64 g/mol                    = 64 g

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The tank with the heaviest content needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

According to the ideal gas law volume i.e. V, pressure i.e. P, number of moles i.e. m, temperature i.e. t and universal gas constant i.e. R are interrelated as below:

PV = nRT

When at two different conditions gases are placed, then to determine the changed variable combined gas law is used. Below is the formula of combined gas law:

P1V1n1T1Gas 1=P2V2n2T2Gas2

Here

  • P1 and P2 are the pressure of gases
  • V1 and V2 and volume of gases
  • n1 and n2 number of moles
  • T1 and T2 are the temperature of gases

Moles are known as the ratio of mass and molar mass. Below is the formula:

n = mMM

Here, MM is molar mass and m is the mass.

The kinetic model of gases is accounted for ideal gas behavior. The formula of average translational energy of gas is as below:

Et=3RT2NA

Here,

Et = average translational energy of gas

T = temperature in Kelvin

R = Universal gas constant

NA = Avogadro number

Effusion is known as the leakage of gas molecules from high to low pressure region via a pinhole. For any two gas molecules the formula to determine the time needed for effusion is as below:

u2u1=(MM1MM2)1/2

Here u1 and u2 is the rate of effusion for gas1 and gas 2. MM1 and MM2 is the molar mass for gas1 and gas 2.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 87QAP

Tank Y

Explanation of Solution

The given tanks are as follows:

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, Chapter 5, Problem 87QAP , additional homework tip  4

Here, circles represent CH4 gas, square represents oxygen and triangle represents SO2 gas.

Tank Y contains the heaviest content. This is due to the number of moles of SO2 is highest in tank Y.

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

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