# The left Riemann sum L n and right Riemann sums R n for the integral ∫ 0 2 e − x 2 d x for n = 5 , 10 , 50 , a n d 100 using the calculator. To Find : The two numbers which the integral ∫ 0 2 e − x 2 d x lies between that two numbers. To Explain : the statement for the integral ∫ − 1 2 e − x 2 d x .

### Single Variable Calculus: Concepts...

4th Edition
James Stewart
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781337687805

### Single Variable Calculus: Concepts...

4th Edition
James Stewart
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781337687805

#### Solutions

Chapter 5.2, Problem 16E
To determine

## To Calculate: The left Riemann sum Ln and right Riemann sums Rn for the integral ∫02e−x2dx for n=5,10,50, and100 using the calculator.To Find: The two numbers which the integral ∫02e−x2dx lies between that two numbers.To Explain: the statement for the integral ∫−12e−x2dx.

Expert Solution

The value of right Riemann sums Rn for the integral 02ex2dx for n=5,10,50,and100 is tabulated in table 1.

The value of left Riemann sums Ln for the integral 02ex2dx for n=5,10,50,and100 is tabulated in table 2.

The value of the integral lies between 0.09976 and 0.09956.

No, similar statement cannot be made for the integral 12ex2dx, since it is aincreasing function on limit [1,0] and decreasing function onlimit [0,2].

### Explanation of Solution

Given:

The integral function as 02ex2dx.

Number of rectangles n=5,10,50and100.

Calculation:

Show the Equation of the integral as follows:

02ex2dx (1)

Consider the value of the function f(x)=ex2 (2)

Calculate the value of the function f(x)=ex2 within limit [0,2].

Substitute 0 for x in Equation (6).

f(1)=e(0)2=1

Substitute 2 for x in Equation (6).

f(2)=e(2)2=e4=0.183

The function f(x)=ex2 is a decreasing function within limits [0,2].

For n=5

Find the width (Δx) using the relation:

Δx=ban (3)

Here, the upper limit is b, the lower limit is a, and the number of rectangles is n.

The limits of the integral 02ex2dx, a=0 and b=2.

Substitute 2 for b, 5 for n, and 0 for a in Equation (3).

Δx=205=25

Calculate the right Riemann Sum for n=5,10,50and100.

The right endpoints are x1=25, x2=45, x3=65, x4=85 and x5=2.

The expression to find the right Riemann sum Rn as shown below:

Rn=i=1nf(xi)Δx=f(x1)Δx+f(x2)Δx+...+f(xn)Δx (4)

Here, the right endpoint height of first rectangle is f(x1), the width is Δx, height of right endpoint of second rectangle is f(x2), and left endpoint height of nth rectangle is f(xn).

Calculate the value of f(x1), f(x2), f(x3), f(x4), and f(x5) using the Equation (2).

Substitute 25 for x1 in Equation (2).

f(25)=e(25)2=e425=0.8521

Substitute 45 for x2 in Equation (2).

f(45)=e(45)2=e1625=0.5272

Substitute 65 for x3 in Equation (2).

f(65)=e(65)2=e3625=0.2369

Substitute 85 for x4 in Equation (2).

f(85)=e(85)2=e6425=0.0773

Substitute 105 for x5 in Equation (2).

f(2)=e(105)2=e10025=0.0183

Calculate the right Riemann sum using calculator.

Substitute 25 for Δx, 5 for n, and values of right end points in Equation (4).

R5=i=15f(xi)Δx=f(x1)Δx+f(x2)Δx+...+f(x5)Δx=f(25)×25+f(45)×25+...+f(2)×25=[(0.8521×0.4)+(0.5272×0.4)+(0.2369×0.4)+(0.0773×0.4)+(0.0183×0.4)]

=0.68479

The value of right Riemann Sum for n=5 is 0.68479_.

Similarly calculate the right Riemann sum for n=10,50,100.

Tabulate the values of right Riemann sum for n=5,10,50and100 as shown in table 1.

 n Rn 5 0.68479 10 0.68115 50 0.19652 100 0.09956

Table 1

Calculate the left Riemann Sum for n=5,10,50and100.

The left endpoints are x0=0, x1=25, x2=45, x3=65 and x4=85.

The expression to find the left Riemann sum Ln as shown below:

Ln=i=1nf(xi)Δx=f(x0)Δx+f(x1)Δx+...+f(xn1)Δx (5)

Here, the left endpoint height of first rectangle is f(x0), the width is Δx, height of left endpoint of second rectangle is f(x1), and left endpoint height of nth rectangle is f(xn1).

Calculate the value of f(x0), f(x1), f(x2), f(x3), and f(x4) using the Equation (2).

Substitute 0 for x0 in Equation (2).

f(0)=e(0)2=1

Substitute 25 for x1 in Equation (2).

f(25)=e(25)2=e425=0.8521

Substitute 45 for x2 in Equation (2).

f(45)=e(45)2=e1625=0.5272

Substitute 65 for x3 in Equation (2).

f(65)=e(65)2=e3625=0.2369

Substitute 85 for x4 in Equation (2).

f(85)=e(85)2=e6425=0.0773

Calculate the left Riemann sum using calculator.

Substitute 25 for Δx, 5 for n, and values of left end points in Equation (5).

L5=i=051f(xi)Δx=f(x0)Δx+f(x1)Δx+...+f(x4)Δx=f(0)×25+f(25)×25+f(45)×25+...+f(85)×25=[(1×0.4)+(0.8521×0.4)+(0.5272×0.4)+(0.2369×0.4)+(0.0773×0.4)]

L5=1.07746

The value of left Riemann Sum for n=5 is 1.07746_.

Similarly calculate the left Riemann sum for n=10,50,100.

Tabulate the values of left Riemann sum for n=5,10,50and100 as shown in table 2.

 n Ln 5 1.07746 10 0.80758 50 0.19809 100 0.09976

Table 2

Refer to Table 1 and Table 2.

The value of the integral lies as shown below:

Ln>02ex2dx>Rn0.09976>02ex2dx>0.09956

The value of the integral lies between 0.09976 and 0.09956.

whether similar statement can be made for the integral 12ex2dx.

Consider the value of the function f(x)=ex2 (6)

Calculate the value of the function f(x)=ex2 within limit [1,2].

Substitute 1 for x in Equation (6).

f(1)=e(1)2=e1=0.3678

Substitute 0 for x in Equation (6).

f(0)=e(0)2=1

Substitute 2 for x in Equation (6).

f(2)=e(2)2=e4=0.183

No, similar statement cannot be made for the integral 12ex2dx, since the function f(x)=ex2 is a increasing function on limit [1,0] and decreasing function on limit [0,2].

### Have a homework question?

Subscribe to bartleby learn! Ask subject matter experts 30 homework questions each month. Plus, you’ll have access to millions of step-by-step textbook answers!