Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5.2, Problem 1COMQ
In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved by
a. X-chromosome inactivation.
b. doubling the expression of genes on the single X chromosome in the male.
c. decreasing the expression of genes on the two X chromosomes by 50% in the female.
d. all of the above.
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According to the Lyon hypothesis,a. one of the X chromosomes is converted to a Barr body insomatic cells of female mammals.b. one of the X chromosomes is converted to a Barr body in allcells of female mammals.c. both of the X chromosomes are converted to Barr bodies insomatic cells of female mammals.d. both of the X chromosomes are converted to Barr bodies inall cells of female mammals.
Molecular geneticists have performed experiments in which they altered the number of copies of the bicoid gene in flies, affecting the amount of Bicoid protein produced. a. What would be the effect on development of an increased number of copies of the bicoid gene? b. What would be the effect of a decreased number of copies of bicoid? Justify your answers.
Which of the following statements is FALSE about x chromosome inavtivation in mammals?
A. It relies on chromatic remodeling
B. It leads to the formation of Barr body.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 5.1 - A female snail that coils to the left has...Ch. 5.1 - 2. What is the molecular explanation for maternal...Ch. 5.2 - 1. In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved...Ch. 5.2 - 2. According to the Lyon hypothesis,
a. one of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - 1. In mice, the copy of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 5.3 - 2. A female mouse that is is crossed to a male...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 5.4 - 1. Extranuclear inheritance occurs due to
a....
Ch. 5.4 - 2. A cross is made between a green four-o’clock...Ch. 5.4 - 3. Some human diseases are caused by mutations in...Ch. 5.4 - 4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an...Ch. 5 - Define the term epigenetic inheritance, and...Ch. 5 - 2. Describe the inheritance pattern of maternal...Ch. 5 - A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant N...Ch. 5 - 4. A Drosophila embryo dies during early...Ch. 5 - 5. For Mendelian inheritance, the nuclear genotype...Ch. 5 - Suppose a maternal effect gene exists as a...Ch. 5 - Suppose that a gene affects the anterior...Ch. 5 - Explain why maternal effect genes exert their...Ch. 5 - As described in Chapter 22, researchers have been...Ch. 5 - 10. With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes,...Ch. 5 - 11. What is a Barr body? How is its structure...Ch. 5 - Among different species, describe three distinct...Ch. 5 - 13. Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs...Ch. 5 - 14. Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 5 - 16. How many Barr bodies would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - 17. Certain forms of human color blindness are...Ch. 5 - A black female cat (XBXB) and an orange male cat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 5 - When does the erasure and reestablishment phase of...Ch. 5 - In what types of cells would you expect de novo...Ch. 5 - 22. On rare occasions, people are born with a...Ch. 5 - Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 5 - What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 5 - Among different species, does extranuclear...Ch. 5 - Extranuclear inheritance often correlates with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 5 - Which of the following traits or diseases is (are)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 5 - 33. Describe how a biparental pattern of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.1 describes an example of a maternal...Ch. 5 - 2. Discuss the types of experimental observations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 5 - As a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results...Ch. 5 - You have a female snail that coils to the right,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EQCh. 5 - 7. Figure 5.6 describes the results of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8EQCh. 5 - In the experiment of Figure 5.6, why does a clone...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EQCh. 5 - 11. A variegated trait in plants is analyzed using...Ch. 5 - 1. Recessive maternal effect genes are identified...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QSDC
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- In marsupials, X inactivation occurs exclusively to paternally derived chromosomes. Which genes will ALWAYS be expressed in this situation? A. maternal X-linked genes B. paternal X-linked genes C. maternal Y-linked genes D. paternal Y-linked genesarrow_forwardWhy are multiple copies of the X chromosome tolerated? A. Genes on the X chromosome are not expressed during development. B. The extra copies of the X chromosome are inactivated. C. There are no genes on the X chromosome that are detrimental when present in multiple copies D. The X chromosome only encodes sex related genesarrow_forwardHow does X inactivation contribute to a person’s phenotype? a. It controls the number and kind of genes inherited on an X chromosome. b. It determines which X chromosome is expressed in a male. c. It allows for the expression of either the maternal or the paternal X in different cells. d. It enhances the expression of Y-linked genes in males.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding the Y chromosome in mammals is TRUE?A. The Y chromosome is less than half the size of the X chromosome.B.Y chromosomes are most often present in egg cells and are not found in sperm cells. C.Most female mammals have one Y chromosome. D. The Y chromosome contains no protein-coding genes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? Inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in the somatic cells of mammalian females..... a. underlies the Calico phenotype in cats. b. leads to cellular mosaicism in females heterozygous for an X-linked gene. c. affects 75 % of the paternal and 25 % of the maternal X-chromosomes of a mammalian body. d. leads to the formation of a Barr body in female cells' nuclei. e. is the mechanism in mammals to compensate for the higher dosage of X-linked genes in females as compared to males.arrow_forwardUsually, the mutant alleles studied in Drosophila experiments are recessive because: A. they are difficult to create. B. they are loss of function mutations. C. they do not survive as long as dominant alleles. D. they do not occur in wild-type flies.arrow_forward
- A. Give 7 genes located on X chromosomes and provide 2 protein products of each gene. B. Give 4 genes located on Y chromosomes and provide 2 protein products of each gene.arrow_forwardDescribe the process of X-chromosome inactivation in mammalsarrow_forwardYou engineer a chromosomally XY mouse in which SRY gene is inactivated. What do you expect to observe in this mouse? a) the mouse will develop male anatomical feautures b) the mouse will develop female anatomical feautures c)the mouse Y chromosome will convert into an X chromosome d) the mouse X chromosome will convert into a Y chromosome e) the mouse will exhibit an additional X chromosome making it XXYarrow_forward
- If a Drosophila female that is homozygous for an X-linked recessive mutation is bred with a male that carries the corresponding wild-type allele, the offspring will..... a. show the mutant phenotype in all individuals. b. be uniform wild-type. c. show a phenotype intermediate to the parents' phenotype. d. show the mutant phenotype in all males and the wild-type phenotype in all females. e. have mutant and wild-type males and mutant and wild-type females.arrow_forwardFor XCI to occur, where are the Xist and Tsix genes expressed?a. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.b. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.c. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.d. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.arrow_forwardNondisjunction can happen in males and females. It has been found to correlate with advanced maternal age but not paternal age. Why is that? A. Because estrogen promotes non-disjunction. B. Because oogenesis has a prolonged prophase and is more prone to have errors with maternal age. C. Because more mutations can happen in females. D. All of the above.arrow_forward
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