Chemistry In Context
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259638145
Author: Fahlman, Bradley D., Purvis-roberts, Kathleen, Kirk, John S., Bentley, Anne K., Daubenmire, Patrick L., ELLIS, Jamie P., Mury, Michael T., American Chemical Society
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.2, Problem 5.5YT
For each of the fuels below, write the balanced combustion reaction.
- a. Glucose, sugar (C6H12O6)
- b. Methane, natural gas (CH4)
- c. Butane, fuel in lighters (C4H10)
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry In Context
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 5.1YTCh. 5.1 - Prob. 5.2YTCh. 5.1 - Consult the interactive trends found in the...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 5.4YTCh. 5.2 - For each of the fuels below, write the balanced...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.6YTCh. 5.3 - Prob. 5.7YTCh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.8YTCh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.9YTCh. 5.4 - Scientific Practices Coal Versus Ethanol On the...
Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.12YTCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.13YTCh. 5.6 - Although power plants require several steps to...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 5.15YTCh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.16YTCh. 5.7 - An input of energy can be used to decrease entropy...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 5.18YTCh. 5.8 - Prob. 5.19YTCh. 5.8 - Prob. 5.20YTCh. 5.8 - Prob. 5.21YTCh. 5.10 - Prob. 5.22YTCh. 5.11 - The combustion of one gram of natural gas releases...Ch. 5.11 - a. During the extraction of natural gas, the...Ch. 5.12 - Prob. 5.25YTCh. 5.13 - Prob. 5.26YTCh. 5.13 - Beginning in the 1920s, the octane-booster...Ch. 5.15 - Prob. 5.28YTCh. 5.15 - Prob. 5.29YTCh. 5.16 - Prob. 5.30YTCh. 5.17 - Have you ever been served cherries Jubilee or...Ch. 5.17 - Prob. 5.34YTCh. 5 - Prob. 1QCh. 5 - Prob. 2QCh. 5 - Prob. 3QCh. 5 - Energy exists in different forms in our natural...Ch. 5 - A coal-burning power plant generates electrical...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6QCh. 5 - Prob. 7QCh. 5 - Prob. 8QCh. 5 - Mercury (Hg) is present in trace amounts in coal,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10QCh. 5 - Here are the condensed structural formulas for two...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12QCh. 5 - Prob. 13QCh. 5 - Consider these three hydrocarbons: At room...Ch. 5 - During petroleum distillation, kerosene and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 16QCh. 5 - a. Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 18QCh. 5 - Prob. 19QCh. 5 - State whether these processes are endothermic or...Ch. 5 - Use the bond energies in Table 5.1 to calculate...Ch. 5 - Use the bond energies in Table 5.1 to calculate...Ch. 5 - Ethanol can be produced by fermentation. Another...Ch. 5 - Here are structural formulas for ethane, ethene...Ch. 5 - These three compounds all have the same chemical...Ch. 5 - Catalysts speed up cracking reactions in oil...Ch. 5 - Explain why cracking is a necessary part of the...Ch. 5 - Consider this equation representing the process of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29QCh. 5 - Consider these three alcohols: methanol, ethanol,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 31QCh. 5 - Prob. 32QCh. 5 - Prob. 33QCh. 5 - Compare and contrast a molecule of biodiesel with...Ch. 5 - Use Figure 5.6 to compare the energy released for...Ch. 5 - Prob. 36QCh. 5 - The sustainability of burning coal (and other...Ch. 5 - In this chapter, we approximated the chemical...Ch. 5 - Prob. 39QCh. 5 - Compare the processes of combustion and...Ch. 5 - How might you explain the difference between...Ch. 5 - Write a response to this statement: Because of the...Ch. 5 - The concept of entropy and probability is used in...Ch. 5 - Bond energies such as those in Table 5.1 are...Ch. 5 - Use the bond energies in Table 5.1 to explain why...Ch. 5 - Prob. 46QCh. 5 - Prob. 47QCh. 5 - Prob. 48QCh. 5 - Prob. 49QCh. 5 - Prob. 50QCh. 5 - Prob. 51QCh. 5 - Prob. 52QCh. 5 - Prob. 53QCh. 5 - Use a diagram to show the relationship among these...Ch. 5 - On a timescale of a few years, the combustion of...Ch. 5 - Emissions of some pollutants are lower when...Ch. 5 - Although coal contains only trace amounts of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 58QCh. 5 - An article in Scientific American pointed out that...Ch. 5 - C. P. Snow, a noted scientist and author, wrote an...Ch. 5 - Chemical explosions are very exothermic reactions....Ch. 5 - Prob. 63QCh. 5 - Tetraethyllead (TEL) was first approved for use in...Ch. 5 - Tetraethyllead (TEL) has an octane rating of 270....Ch. 5 - Another type of catalyst used in the combustion of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.8 shows energy differences for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 68Q
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- A newspaper article states that biomass has actually been used as an energy source throughout human history. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Defend your answer.arrow_forward4.60 Why are fuel additives used?arrow_forwardCalculate the amount of carbon dioxide (in kg) emitted into the atmosphere by the complete combustion of a 15.0 gallon tank of gasoline. Do this by following these steps: Assume that gasoline is composed of octane (C8H18). Write a balanced equation for the combustion of octane. Determine the number of moles of octane contained in a 15.0 gallon tank of gasoline (1 gallon = 3.78 L). Octane has a density of 0.79 g/mL. Use the balanced equation to convert from moles of octane to moles of carbon dioxide, then convert to grams of carbon dioxide, and Finally to kg of carbon dioxide.arrow_forward
- 4.1 List at least two factors that make it difficult to describe the combustion of gasoline accurately. What assumption can be made to address these complications?arrow_forwardEthanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can be produced by fermentation of glucose. C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2 (a) Calculate the mass (g) of ethanol produced by the fermentation of 1.000 lb glucose. (b) Gasohol is a mixture of 10.00 mL ethanol per 90.00 mL gasoline. Calculate the mass (in g) of glucose required to produce the ethanol in 1.00 gal gasohol. Density of ethanol = 0.785 g/mL. (c) By 2022, the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act calls for annual production of 3.6 1010 gal of ethanol, no more than 40% of it produced by fermentation of corn. Fermentation of 1 ton (2.2 103 lb) of corn yields approximately 106 gal of ethanol. The average corn yield in the United States is about 2.1 105 lb per 1.0 105 m2. Calculate the acreage (in m2) required to raise corn solely for ethanol production in 2022 in the United States.arrow_forwardAbout 5 billion kilograms of benzene, C6H6, are made each year. Benzene is used as a starting material for many other compounds and as a solvent (although it is also a carcinogen, and its use is restricted). One compound that can be made from benzene is cyclohexane, C6H12. C6H6() + 3 H2(g) C6H12() rH = 206.7 kJ/mol-rxn; rS = 361.5 J/K mol-rxn Is this reaction predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium at 25 C? Is the reaction enthalpy- or entropy-driven?arrow_forward
- Benzene (C6H6) IS burned with 76% excess air. Calculate the air-fuel ratio (AFR) to three signitcant figures.arrow_forwardExplain why fuel additives are used.arrow_forwardCalculate the number of pounds of CO2 released into the atmosphere when a 10.0 gallon tank of gasoline is burned in an automobile engine. Assume that gasoline is primarily octane, C8H18,C8H18, and that the density of gasoline is 0.692 g⋅mL−1. This assumption ignores additives. Also, assume complete combustion.arrow_forward
- How many moles of O2 are needed to burn 1.45 mol of C8H18? Express the amount in moles to three significant digits. The complete combustion of octane, C8H18, a component of gasoline, proceeds as follows: 2C8H18(l)+25O2(g)→16CO2(g)+18H2O(g) Relevant volumetric equivalencies 1 gal = 3.785 L 1 L = 1000 mLarrow_forward2. In a rocket motor fueled with butane, C4H10, how many kg of liquid oxygen should be provided with each kg of butane to provide for complete combustion? 2C4H10 +13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2Oarrow_forwardHow many grams of CO2 are produced from burning one gallon of biodiesel(3,311 g of biodiesel)?C19H36O2 + 27O2 ---> 19 CO2 + 18 H2Oarrow_forward
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