Biology
Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 53, Problem 1U
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Fertilization is a process in which haploid male gamete (sperm) fuses with the haploid female gamete (egg or ovum) that result in the formation of diploid zygote. The zygote  further develops into blastula, gastrula that later results in the formation of an embryo.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1U

Correct answer:

“The events which occur immediately after fertilization is egg activation, polyspermy defense, cytoplasm changes”. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Before fertilization, the egg remains in an inactive state until the sperm reach the egg and fertilization process takes place. The fusion of sperm with egg membrane trigger in the rush of Ca2+ ion that reactivates the egg metabolism. After fertilization, to prevent the polyspermy, the egg changes its membrane potential for short period of time that prevents the further fusion of sperms. To prevent polyspermy egg also changes its cytoplasmic content which helps in development of fertilization envelope. The additional sperm cannot penetrate through this fertilization envelope.

Option d. is given as “All of these occur after fertilization”.

As, “after fertilization the events that take place is egg activation, polyspermy defense and cytoplasm changes” is the right answer.

Hence, the option d. is correct.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “Egg activation”.

The fusion of sperm with the egg membrane triggers the reactivation of egg metabolism is an event occur after fertilization. But after fertilization other events like polyspermy defense, cytoplasm change also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option b. is given as “Polyspermy defense”.

To prevent the polyspermy is an event that occurs after fertilization. But after fertilization other events like egg activation and change in cytoplasmic content also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option c. is given as “Cytoplasm changes”.

After fertilization, the egg changes its cytoplasmic content to prevent the polyspermy. But other events like egg activation and polyspermy defense also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options a., b. and c. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The events that occur after fertilization are egg activation, polyspermy defense and cytoplasm changes.

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Students have asked these similar questions
Internal and external fertilization differ in that species thata. produce an amniotic egg have internal fertilization.b. without an amniotic egg have external fertilization.c. produce live young have mammary glands.d. lay eggs are external fertilizers
If an egg cell were treated with EDTA, a chemical that bindscalcium and magnesium ions,(A) the acrosomal reaction would be blocked.(B) the fusion of sperm and egg nuclei would be blocked.(C) the fast block to polyspermy would not occur.(D) the fertilization envelope would not form.
A chemical that prevents acrosomal proteins from interacting with proteins on the egg membrane would have which of the following immediate effects (i.e. which would happen first)? Group of answer choices A. Prevention of the fast block B.) Prevention of sperm recognition C.) Explosion of the egg into millions of tiny pieces D. Prevention of polyspermy E. Prevention of the slow block
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