Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 56.1, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason due to which communities are defined by creating subsets of species and the type of community subset by which toads and frogs, in the ponds were defined, on Mount St. Helens.
Introduction:
The term “community” is often used in ecology to define a species group that live together at same time and place. Different communities interact in different ways, which infer a characteristic feature to that community. For example, a competitive interaction exists between two communities of a frog that feed on same types of insects.
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Using the meta-community concept, is it still possible to conserve species (communities) that are greatly affected by habitat fragmentation? Suggest one possible way to effectively conserve declining diversity.
Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed amongfour species: 5A, 5B, 85C, and 5D. Community 2 contains100 individuals distributed among three species: 30A, 40B,and 30C. Calculate the Shannon diversity (H) for eachcommunity. Which community is more diverse?
Chris is studying a pond on a nearby farm. If he is studying the distribution of organisms across the pond ecosystem, what kind of diversity is he looking for?
species diversity
Simpson's Index
species evenness
species richness
Chapter 56 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Which of the indices listed would you use ito answer each of the following questions? Answers choices are on the bottom A-G. Has the fish community changed in Alcyon Lake over time? How many mice are in my house? Is the Cannabis I see growing around this property growing in clumps or in a regular pattern Do Bighorn Sheep populations have higher mortality when juveniles or adults? A. Survivorship B. Petersen Index C. Species Richness D. Diversity Index E. Dispersion Index F. Species Turnover G. Importance Valuearrow_forwardWhy do high and low levels of disturbance usually reducespecies diversity? Why does an intermediate level ofdisturbance promote species diversity?arrow_forwardAre your importance values similar to importance values for the same species in the other community? What may be some reasons why the importance values for each species are different?arrow_forward
- What is the Shannon diversity index value for this community? What is the Species evenness value for this community?arrow_forwardWhich community would be expected to have the highest species richness? Group of answer choices A community that inhabits a small geographic area near the poles. A community that inhabits a small geographic area near the equator. A community that inhabits a large geographic area area near the poles. A community that inhabits a large geographic area near the equator.arrow_forwardWhat limiting factors exist between regional species pools and local communities? Name all 3.arrow_forward
- What two components contribute to species diversity?Explain how two communities with the same numberof species can differ in species diversity.arrow_forwardWhat is the Gini-Simpson index of diversity for each community? What is the Shannon index for each community? What is the simple matching index between these two communities assuming there are only 7 species in the area?arrow_forwardWhy do ecologists consider both species richness and species evenness when they quantify species diversity?arrow_forward
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