Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.8, Problem 21CYU
What chemicals produced in the skin help provide barriers to bacteria? List at least three and explain how the chemicals are protective.
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Name the three types of microbes most commonly associated with skin.
What feature of the skin creates a physical barrier to microbial invasion?
Group of answer choices
The outer layers are composed of cells full of protein which forms NETs to trap microbes until they are shed.
The surface is constantly patrolled by phagocytic cells.
The outer layers are dead cells, tightly linked together, and are frequently shed.
All of these mechanisms can provide defense against microbial invaders.
The oil secreted onto the surface of the skin traps microbes, preventing penetration.
The fine hairs move microbes to mucous membranes for phagocytosis.
Which of the following is a barrier against pathogens provided by the skin? a. high pH b. mucus c. tears d. desiccation
Chapter 5 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - Which layer of the skin-dermis or epidermis-is...Ch. 5.2 - While walking barefoot in a barn, Jeremy stepped...Ch. 5.2 - The stratum basale is also called the stratum...Ch. 5.2 - Why are the desmosomes connecting the...Ch. 5.3 - Which layer of the dermis is responsible for...Ch. 5.3 - Which tissue of the hypodermis makes it a good...Ch. 5.3 - You have just gotten a paper cut. It is very...Ch. 5.4 - Melanin and carotene are two pigments that...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 9CYUCh. 5.4 - Which alteration in skin color may indicate a...
Ch. 5.5 - What are the concentric regions of a hair shaft,...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 5.5 - What is the role of an arrectorpili muscle?Ch. 5.5 - What is the function of the hair papilla?Ch. 5.6 - Why is the lunule of a nail white instead of pink...Ch. 5.6 - Why are nails so hard?Ch. 5.7 - Which cutaneous glands are associated with hair...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 5.7 - Prob. 19CYUCh. 5.7 - Sebaceous glands are not found in thick skin. Why...Ch. 5.8 - What chemicals produced in the skin help provide...Ch. 5.8 - Which epidermal cells play a role in body...Ch. 5.8 - How is sunlight important to bone health?Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 5.9 - Which type of skin cancer develops from the...Ch. 5.9 - What name is given to the rule for recognizing the...Ch. 5.9 - The healing of burns and epidermal regeneration is...Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 28CYUCh. 5 - Which epidermal cell type is most numerous? (a)...Ch. 5 - Which cell functions as part of the immune system?...Ch. 5 - The epidermis provides a physical barrier due...Ch. 5 - Skin color is determined by (a) the amount of...Ch. 5 - The sensations of touch and pressure are picked up...Ch. 5 - Which is not a true statement about the papillary...Ch. 5 - Skin surface markings that reflect points of tight...Ch. 5 - Which of the following is not an epidermal...Ch. 5 - An arrector pili muscle (a) is associated with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Sebum (a) lubricates the surface of the skin and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12MCCh. 5 - Which epidermal cells are also called prickle...Ch. 5 - Is a bald man really hairless? Explain.Ch. 5 - You go to the beach to swim on an extremely hot,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 16SAQCh. 5 - Describe the process of hair formation, and list...Ch. 5 - Prob. 18SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 19SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 20SAQCh. 5 - Why are there no skin cancers that originate from...Ch. 5 - A man got his finger caught in a machine at the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 23SAQCh. 5 - A common belief is that having your hair cut makes...Ch. 5 - Integumentary System A terrible collision between...Ch. 5 - Integumentary System A terrible collision between...Ch. 5 - Integumentary System A terrible collision between...Ch. 5 - Integumentary System A terrible collision between...
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- Suppose a patient is suffered by fever with inflammation. What will be the biomarkers to detect that disease? Please explain at your own words.arrow_forwardWhy is the nervous system vulnerable to microbial invasion?arrow_forwardWhat is the expected result if a compromised person is exposed to a true pathogen?arrow_forward
- Name and describe two substances in wounds to which pathogens attach.arrow_forwardDescribe the properties of microorganisms that grow well onthe skin.arrow_forward______ are barriers to pathogens at body surfaces. a. Intact skin and mucous membranes b. Tears, saliva, and gastric fluid c. Resident bacteria d. All are correctarrow_forward
- The man pictured in Figure 4.17 wears skin ornaments applied by piercing. Among other functions, the skin is a barrier to potentially dangerous bacteria, and some people object to extensive body piercing on the grounds that it opens the door to infections. Explain why you do or dont agree with this objection. Figure 4.17 This young man has chosen to undergo multiple body piercings.arrow_forwardDirect contact with pathogenic microorganisms is the most common cause of hospital-acquired infection. How might a dermal (skin) Staphylococcus infection of a staff member result in a urinary traction infection of a patient? Describe possible pathways of contamination during a normal workday.arrow_forwardWhich is NOT a role of sebum in the innate immune system. Group of answer choices dehydrates microbes keeps skin pliable and less likely to tear contains antimicrobial proteins lowers pHarrow_forward
- Under what conditions does Staphylococcus epidermidis become an opportunistic pathogen? Group of answer choices S. epidermidis can form biofilms on devices inserted into patients during surgery. S. epidermidis becomes pathogenic when it overgrows in the throat. S. epidermidis becomes pathogenic when it produces Shiga toxin. S. epidermidis becomes a pathogen whenever a patient has untreated diabetes.arrow_forwardThe dead outer surface of skin (not mucous membranes) uses which of the following innate defenses to inhibit microbial growth? Choose all that apply. Group of answer choices Prion production Interferon production Low pH Drynessarrow_forwardWhat structures or substances that can increase microbial virulence or pathogenicity and explain the mechanism of that structure or substance?arrow_forward
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