a) 1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium iodide in acetone.
1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium iodide in acetone, produces 1-iodopropane. Sodium iodide is soluble in acetone, but sodium bromide formed in the product is insoluble in acetone and gets precipitated from the reaction mixture. This makes the reaction irreversible.
b) 1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium acetate in acetic acid.
1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium acetate in acetic acid, gets converted into propyl ethanoate. The ester is formed when the negatively charged oxygen of the acetate replaces the bromine from the 1-bromopropane. The reaction is as follows:
c) 1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol.
1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol, produces the ether 1-ethoxypropane. The oxygen atom of the sodium ethoxide is nucleophilic and replaces the bromine. The reaction is as follows:
d) 1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium cyanide in dimethyl sulfoxide.
1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium cyanide in dimethyl sulfoxide, gets converted into butane nitrile. The negatively charged carbon atom of cyanide is the nucleophilic site. It reacts with 1-bromopropane to extend the carbon chain by forming butane nitrile. The reaction is as follows:
e) 1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium azide in ethanol.
1-bromopropane, on reaction with sodium azide in ethanol, gets converted into 1-azidopropane. Sodium azide dissociates into a sodium ion and azide ion. The negatively charged azide ion replaces the bromine atom and forms a carbon-nitrogen bond. The reaction is as follows:
f) 1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium hydrogen sulfide in ethanol
1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium hydrogen sulfide in ethanol, gets converted into propane-1-thiol. Sodium hydrogen sulfide dissociates into a sodium ion and hydrogen sulfide ion. The negatively charged hydrogen sulfide ion replaces the bromine to form thiol. The reaction is as follows:
g) 1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium methanethiolate in ethanol.
1-bromopropane, on treatment with sodium methanethiolate in ethanol, gets converted into 1-methylthiopropane. The negatively charged methanethiolate ion replaces bromine to form thioether. The reaction is as follows: