Chapter 6, Problem 1R

Explain the operation of a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Why are GFCI devices used? Where are GFCI receptacles required? _________________________________

To determine

Explain the operation and need of a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) and also mention the area that requires GFCI.

Explanation of Solution

Discussion:

A device that senses an unbalance current flow is ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). When a ground fault exists in a circuit, an unbalanced current occurs. This type of current flow may cause death or injury to a human being. The flow of unbalance current is stopped by GFCI. When the value of current exceeds $6\text{mA}$, the GFCI trips the circuit to OFF. The GFCI protection is supplied by a branch circuit breaker, GFCI receptacle or by a dual function AFCI/GFCI.

According to an article NEC 210.8, a 125 volt single-phase 15 and 20 amperes branch circuits require a GFCI protection at specific location such as kitchens, bathrooms, outdoors, garages, and within $6\text{ft}\left(1.8\text{m}\right)$ of the top inside edge of the bowl of sink, swimming pools, and hot tubs.

Conclusion:

Thus, the operation, need and the area that require GFCI are explained.