CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT
CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781259327933
Author: Burdge
Publisher: MCG
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Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.93QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Electrostatic potential maps for three compounds A, B, and C should be identified. Also dipole moment of given compounds should be found.

Concept Introduction:

  • Dipole moment (μ) occurs on polar bonds where there is a separation of charges within the molecule. Dipole moment is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of atoms within the molecule and is a measure of polarity.
  • μ=Q×r
  • μ=Dipole momentQ= partial chargesr= distance between partial charges
  • Distribution of electrons in a molecule can be shown using electrostatic potential maps three dimensionally. It is also known as electrostatic energy maps. Distributions of charge help to know the interaction of molecule with one another.

To calculate: The dipole moment of given set of compounds and it should be matched with the given respective maps.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 6.93QP

Compound Partial charge Distance between charges (pm) Dipole moment
B ±0.19 213 1.94D
C ±0.051 214 0.524D
A ±0.68 315 10.3D

Explanation of Solution

(a)

Given,

Q=0.19e1r=213pm

μ=Q×r

The partial charges are +0.19e and 0.19e.

The unit of partial charge is converted from electronic charges to Coulombs.

Q=0.19e1×1.6022×1019C1e1=3.04×1020C

The unit of distance is converted from pm to meter.

r=213pm1×1012m1Ao=2.13×1010m

dipolemoment,μ=Q×r=(3.04×1020C)×(2.13×1010m)=6.475×1030Cm

Dipole moment in electronic charges

CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT, Chapter 6, Problem 6.93QP , additional homework tip  1 μ=6.475×1030Cm×1D3.336×1030Cm=1.94D

Therefore, the dipole moment of given compound is 1.94D

Using the given data match the compound with the respective potential map.

Distribution of electrons in a molecule can be shown using electrostatic potential maps three dimensionally. It is also known as electrostatic energy maps. Distributions of charge help to know the interaction of molecule with one another.

Red color in the electrostatic potential map shows that electrons spends more time in that region whereas the blue color shows that electrons spends less time in that region. Green area represents that electrons spend moderate amount of time.

Here the red color is dominated comparing to the blue color. The molecule seems to have some dipole moment and also green cloud separating blue and red clouds. So the compound with dipole moment 1.94D is compound B.

(b)

Given,

Q=0.051e1r=214pm

μ=Q×r

The partial charges are +0.051e1 and 0.051e1.

The unit of partial charge is converted from electronic charges to Coulombs.

Q=0.051e1×1.6022×1019C1e1=8.171×1021C

The unit of distance is converted from pm to meter.

r=214pm1×1010m1Ao=2.14×1010m

dipolemoment,μ=Q×r=(8.171×1021C)×(2.14×1010m)=1.749×1030Cm

Dipole moment in electronic charges

CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT, Chapter 6, Problem 6.93QP , additional homework tip  2 μ=1.749×1030Cm×1D3.336×1030Cm=0.524D

Therefore, the dipole moment of given compound is 0.524D.

Using the given data match the compound with the respective potential map.

Distribution of electrons in a molecule can be shown using electrostatic potential maps three dimensionally. It is also known as electrostatic energy maps. Distributions of charge help to know the interaction of molecule with one another.

Red color in the electrostatic potential map shows that electrons spends more time in that region whereas the blue color shows that electrons spends less time in that region. Green area represents that electrons spend moderate amount of time.

Here the red color is equally distributed in the molecule so have low dipole moment. So the compound with dipole moment 0.524D is compound C.

(c)

Given,

Q=0.68e1r=315 pm

μ=Q×r

The partial charges are +0.68e1 and 0.68e1.

The unit of partial charge is converted from electronic charges to Coulombs.

Q=0.68e1×1.6022×1019C1e1=1.09×1019C

The unit of distance is converted from pm to meter.

r=315 pm1×1010m1Ao=3.15×1010m

dipolemoment,μ=Q×r=(1.09×1019C)×(3.15×1010m)=3.433×1029Cm

Dipole moment in electronic charges

CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT, Chapter 6, Problem 6.93QP , additional homework tip  3 μ=3.433×1029Cm×1D3.336×1030Cm=10.3D

Therefore, the dipole moment of given compound is 10.3D.

Using the given data match the compound with the respective potential map.

Distribution of electrons in a molecule can be shown using electrostatic potential maps three dimensionally. It is also known as electrostatic energy maps. Distributions of charge help to know the interaction of molecule with one another.

Red color in the electrostatic potential map shows that electrons spends more time in that region whereas the blue color shows that electrons spends less time in that region. Green area represents that electrons spend moderate amount of time.

Here the red color and blue color are equally distributed in the molecule and have visible separation of cloud so have high dipole moment. So the compound with dipole moment 10.3D is compound A.

Conclusion

Electrostatic potential maps for three compounds A, B, and C were identified. Also dipole moment of given compound were found.

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Chapter 6 Solutions

CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT

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