Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 2P
Answer these questions for celestial bodies at each of the following temperatures and then draw a conclusion about the relationship between temperature and wavelength of maximum intensity. What is the wavelength of maximum intensity? In which part of the
- a. 50 K
- b. 500 K
- c. 5000 K
- d. 50,000 K
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A. A comet has just passed the Earth and its peak emission is observed at 15000 nm. Determine in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. X-ray, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, ...) the peak emission wavelength resides. What is the temperature of the comet?
B. Within the Solar System, a convenient unit of measurement is the Earth-Sun distance, called an astronomical unit (AU). For bigger distances, we use the light year (LY), the distance that light travels in one year. We can expand our lingo to include other measures of distance, for example, light days, light minutes, and light hours. Starting with the values you can look up in the Appendices for the speed of light and the astronomical unit, calculate how many “light minutes” there are in 1 AU.
C. What is the observable universe? How big is it?
1. The temperature of stars in the universe varies with the type of star and the age of the star among other things. By looking at the shape of the spectrum of light emitted by a star, we can tell something about its average surface temperature.
a. If we observe a star's spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between red and infrared light, what is the approximate surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units)Incorrectb. If we observe a star’s spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between blue and ultraviolet light, what is the surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units)Incorrect
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1. It turns out that the sunlight is most intense at noon. Even though this is true, explain why the highest temperature of the day usually happens a few hours afternoon.
2. A microwave oven directly heats your food with light, by using invisible microwaves to heat the water in your food. For the questions below, imagine that you put your food in the middle of your plate, and then put that plate in the microwave. a) If you heat your food for a short period of time, only the part of your plate directly underneath your food will heat up, with the rest of the plate staying cool. Explain why this happens.
b) If you microwave your food for a longer time, the whole plate will heat up. Explain why this happens.
3. For each of the situations below: • List which of the three methods of heat transfer are happening in that situation. Some situations will use more than one way of transferring heat. Which of the methods do you guess transfers the most heat in that situation? • For each…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7 - Prob. 1RQCh. 7 - Prob. 2RQCh. 7 - Prob. 3RQCh. 7 - Prob. 4RQCh. 7 - Prob. 5RQCh. 7 - Prob. 6RQCh. 7 - Prob. 7RQCh. 7 - Prob. 8RQCh. 7 - Prob. 9RQCh. 7 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 7 - Prob. 11RQCh. 7 - Prob. 12RQCh. 7 - Prob. 13RQCh. 7 - Prob. 14RQCh. 7 - Prob. 15RQCh. 7 - Prob. 16RQCh. 7 - How is heat different from temperature?Ch. 7 - Prob. 18RQCh. 7 - Prob. 19RQCh. 7 - Prob. 20RQCh. 7 - Prob. 21RQCh. 7 - Prob. 22RQCh. 7 - Could an object be orbiting another object and we...Ch. 7 - Prob. 24RQCh. 7 - How Do We Know? How is the macroscopic world you...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1PCh. 7 - Answer these questions for celestial bodies at...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3PCh. 7 - Prob. 4PCh. 7 - Prob. 5PCh. 7 - Prob. 6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7PCh. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - Prob. 9PCh. 7 - Prob. 10PCh. 7 - Prob. 11PCh. 7 - Prob. 12PCh. 7 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 7 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 7 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 6LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 7LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Satellites designed to observe me radiation from cold (3 K) dark space have sensors that are shaded from the Sun, Earth, and Moon and that are cooled to very low temperatures. Why must the sensors be at low temperature?arrow_forwardA particular blackbody has a radiation spectrum that peaks at a wavelength of 660 nm. Part (a) What is the temperature of the blackbody in units of Kelvin? Part (b) If the temperature of a blackbody is 4300 K, at what wavelength, in units of nanometers, does it radiate the most energy?arrow_forward1. The temperature of stars in the universe varies with the type of star and the age of the star among other things. By looking at the shape of the spectrum of light emitted by a star, we can tell something about its average surface temperature. a. If we observe a star's spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between red and infrared light, what is the approximate surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units)b. If we observe a star’s spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between blue and ultraviolet light, what is the surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units) Submit QuestionQuestion 1arrow_forward
- Our Sun shines bright with a luminosity of 3.828 x 1026 Watt. Her energy is responsible for manyprocesses and the habitable temperatures on the Earth that make our life possible.(a) Calculate the amount of energy arriving on the Earth in a single day.(b) To how many litres of heating oil (energy density: 37.3 x 106J/litre) is this equivalent?(c) The Earth reflects 30% of this energy: Determine the temperature on Earth’s surface.(d) What other factors should be considered to get an even more precise temperature estimate?arrow_forwardSolar scientists want to measure the temperature inside the sun by sending in probes. Imagine that temperature increases by 1 million◦C for every 10,000 km below the surface. A probe that can handle a temperature of x million degrees costs x³ million dollars. a. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 10,000 km down? b. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 100,000 km down? c. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 200,000 km down?arrow_forwardCan i get help with this black body radiation questions : b) Calculate the wavelength of a photon which has an energy of 3.79 × 10−19J. (What colour of light does this wavelength correspond to?) c) What is the temperature of a star which has a blackbody peak wavelength of 500 nm? d) What is the peak emission frequency of a star which has a blackbody temperature of 10000 K?arrow_forward
- q4- The surface temperature of Sun is about 6000 K. If we consider the Sun as a black body, what is the radiation power per unit of area?(Given the Stefan-Boltzmann constant is 5.678x10^-8W/K^4arrow_forwardidentify the knowns, unknown(s), appropriate formula(s) then computation 1. a). The wavelength of maximum solar emission is observed to be approximately 0.475μm. What is the surface temperature of the sun (assumed as blackbody)? (b) The temperature of the human body when having a high fever is 40 deg C. The intensity of radiation emitted by the human body is maximum at what wavelength? (c) The Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB) fills the universe. If temperature of the space is 2.7 K, then CMB attains intensity maxima at what wavelength?arrow_forwardAn object radiates strongly at 473 nm. What is its blackbody temperature in Kelvins?arrow_forward
- A log in the fire is glowing red (λ = 629 nm). What is the temperature of the log, in kelvin?arrow_forwardThe average intensity of sunlight on Earth’s surface is about 1000 ? ?2 ⁄ a. Calculate the solar panel area if the amount of energy that falls on it in 10 hours is 3 × 1012J.b. What intensity would such sunlight have if concentrated by a magnifying glass onto an area 100 times smaller than its own?arrow_forward
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Heat Transfer: Crash Course Engineering #14; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YK7G6l_K6sA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY