Concept explainers
Questions 43 and 44: Calculate the percentage composition by mass of each compound.
a) Ammonium nitrate
b) Ammonium sulfate
c) Ammonium carbonate
d) Calcium oxide
e) Manganese
(a)
Interpretation:
The percentage composition by mass of each component in ammonium nitrate is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The mass percentage of a particular element of a mixture is the ratio of the molar mass of that element and the molar mass of the mixture multiplied by
Answer to Problem 43E
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
The mass percentage of hydrogen in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate the mass percentage of any element, A is shown below.
The molecular formula for ammonium nitrate is
The molar mass of nitrogen is
The molar mass of hydrogen is
The molar mass of oxygen is
The molar mass of
Therefore, the molar mass of
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
Substitute the molar mass of nitrogen and
Hence, the mass percentage of nitrogen in
The mass percentage of hydrogen in
Substitute the molar mass of hydrogen and
Hence, the mass percentage of hydrogen in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Substitute the molar mass of oxygen and
Hence, the mass percentage of oxygen in
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
(b)
Interpretation:
The percentage composition by mass of each component in aluminum sulfate is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The mass percentage of a particular element of a mixture is the ratio of the molar mass of that element and the molar mass of the mixture multiplied by
Answer to Problem 43E
The mass percentage of aluminum in
The mass percentage of sulfur in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate the mass percentage of any element, A is shown below.
The molecular formula for aluminum sulfate is
The molar mass of aluminum is
The molar mass of sulfur is
The molar mass of oxygen, is
The molar mass of
Therefore, the molar mass of
The mass percentage of aluminum in
Substitute the molar mass of aluminum and
Hence, the mass percentage of aluminum in
The mass percentage of sulfur in
Substitute the molar mass of sulfur and
Hence, the mass percentage of sulfur in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Substitute the molar mass of oxygen and
Hence, the mass percentage of oxygen in
The mass percentage of aluminum in
(c)
Interpretation:
The percentage composition by mass of each component in ammonium carbonate is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The mass percentage of a particular element of a mixture is the ratio of the molar mass of that element and the molar mass of the mixture multiplied by
Answer to Problem 43E
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
The mass percentage of hydrogen in
The mass percentage of carbon in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate the mass percentage of any element, A is shown below.
The molecular formula for ammonium carbonate is
The molar mass of nitrogen is
The molar mass of hydrogen is
The molar mass of carbon is
The molar mass of oxygen is
The molar mass of
Therefore, the molar mass of
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
Substitute the molar mass of nitrogen and
Hence, the mass percentage of nitrogen in
The mass percentage of hydrogen in
Substitute the molar mass of hydrogen and
Hence, the mass percentage of hydrogen in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Substitute the molar mass of oxygen and
Hence, the mass percentage of oxygen in
The mass percentage of carbon in
Substitute the molar mass of carbon and
Hence, the mass percentage of carbon in
The mass percentage of nitrogen in
The mass percentage of hydrogen in
The mass percentage of carbon in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
(d)
Interpretation:
The percentage composition by mass of each component in calcium oxide is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The mass percentage of a particular element of a mixture is the ratio of the molar mass of that element and the molar mass of the mixture multiplied by
Answer to Problem 43E
The mass percentage of calcium in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate the mass percentage of any element, A is shown below.
The molecular formula for calcium oxide is
The molar mass of calcium is
The molar mass of oxygen, is
The molar mass of
Therefore, the molar mass of
The mass percentage of calcium in
Substitute the molar mass of calcium and
Hence, the mass percentage of calcium in
The mass percentage of oxygen in
Substitute the molar mass of oxygen and
Hence, the mass percentage of oxygen in
The mass percentage of calcium in
(e)
Interpretation:
The percentage composition by mass of each component in
Concept introduction:
The mass percentage of a particular element of a mixture is the ratio of the molar mass of that element and the molar mass of the mixture multiplied by
Answer to Problem 43E
The mass percentage of manganese in
The mass percentage of sulfur in
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate the mass percentage of any element, A is shown below.
The molecular formula for
The molar mass of manganese is
The molar mass of sulfur is
The molar mass of
Therefore, the molar mass of
The mass percentage of manganese in
Substitute the molar mass of manganese and
Hence, the mass percentage of manganese in
The mass percentage of sulfur in
Substitute the molar mass of sulfur and
Hence, the mass percentage of sulfur in
The mass percentage of manganese in
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
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