Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Chapter 7.1, Problem 7.1CYU
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How much would a 10lb bowling ball weigh on an exoplanet that was twice as massive as Earth but had the same radius?
1. 10lb
2. 40lb
3. 100lb
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The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune’s orbit. Pluto was subsequently discovered near its predicted position. But it now appears that the discovery was fortuitous, because Pluto is small and the irregularities in Neptune’s orbit were not well known. To illustrate that Pluto has a minor effect on the orbit of Neptune compared with the closest planet to Neptune:
(a) Calculate the acceleration due to gravity at Neptune due to Pluto when they are 4.50×1012m apart, as they are at present. The mass of Pluto is 1.4×1022kg.
(b) Calculate the acceleration due to gravity at Neptune due to Uranus, presently about 2.50×1012m apart, and compare it with that due to Pluto. The mass of Uranus is 8.62×1025kg.
Io orbits Jupiter at a distance of six planetary radii from the planet's center once every 42 hours. if Jupiter completes one rotation every 10 hours, use Keplers third Law to calculate how far from the center a satellite must orbit to appear stationary above the planet.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 7.1CYUCh. 7.2 - Prob. 7.2CYUCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.3CYUCh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.4CYUCh. 7.5 - Prob. 7.5CYUCh. 7 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 5QAP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 45QAP
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- Make a similar estimate for the mass of the Kuiper belt. The three largest objects are Pluto, Eris, and Makemake (each roughly 2000 km). In addition, assume there are eight objects (including Haumea, Orcus, Quaoar, Ixion, Varuna, and Charon, and objects that have not been named yet) with diameters of about 1000 km. Assume that all objects have Pluto’s density of 2 g/cm3. Calculate twice the mass of the largest 13 objects and compare it to the mass of the main asteroid belt.arrow_forwardWhat would happen if you tried to land on Jupiter?arrow_forwardThe table to the right gives size and distance data for the planets at a certain point in time. Calculate the scaled size and distance for each planet using a 1 to 10 billion scale model solar system. Planet Diameter Distance from Sun Mercury 4880 km 65.1 million km Venus 12,100 km 108.8 million km Earth 12,760 km 147.5 million km Mars 6790 km 244.6 million km Jupiter 143,000 km 807.2 million km Saturn 120,000 km 1406 million km Uranus 52,000 km 2938 million km Neptune 48,400 km 4508 million kmarrow_forward
- The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune's orbit. Pluto was subsequently discovered near its predicted position. But it now appears that the discovery was fortuitous, because Pluto is small and the irregularities in Neptune's orbit were not well known. To illustrate that Pluto has a minor effect on the orbit of Neptune compared with the closest planet to Neptune, answer the following questions. (a) Calculate the acceleration (in m/s2) due to gravity at Neptune due to Pluto when they are 4.70 ✕ 1012 m apart, as they are at present. The mass of Pluto is 1.4 ✕ 1022 kg. (b) Calculate the acceleration (in m/s2) due to gravity at Neptune due to Uranus, presently about 3.00 ✕ 1012 m apart. The mass of Uranus is 8.62 ✕ 1025 kg. Give the ratio of this acceleration to that due to Pluto. acceleration of (b)/acceleration due to Pluto=arrow_forwardVoyager 1 and Voyager 2 surveyed the surface of Jupiter’s moon Io and photographed active volcanoes spewing liquid sulfur to heights of 70 km above the surface of this moon. Find the speed with which the liquid sulfur left the volcano. Io’s mass is 8.9 × 1022 kg, and its radius is 1 820 km.arrow_forwardWhat is the range of density for the outer planets (in g/cm3)? 1.2 to 5.5 2.2 to 5.5 2.2 to 6.5 3.3 to 7.2 none of thesearrow_forward
- The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune's orbit. Pluto was subsequently discovered near its predicted position. But it now appears that the discovery was fortuitous, because Pluto is small and the irregularities in Neptune's orbit were not well known. To illustrate that Pluto has a minor effect on the orbit of Neptune compared with the closest planet to Neptune, answer the following questions. (a) Calculate the acceleration (in m/s2) due to gravity at Neptune due to Pluto when they are 5.00 ✕ 1012 m apart, as they are at present. The mass of Pluto is 1.4 ✕ 1022 kg. m/s2 (b) Calculate the acceleration (in m/s2) due to gravity at Neptune due to Uranus, presently about 2.50 ✕ 1012 m apart. The mass of Uranus is 8.62 ✕ 1025 kg. m/s2 Give the ratio of this acceleration to that due to Pluto. acceleration from (b) acceleration due to Pluto =arrow_forwardOn February 15, 2013, Asteroid 2012 DA14 passed within 17,200 miles [mi] of the surface of the Earth at a relative speed of 7.8 kilometers per second [km/s]. This is considerably closer than the orbit of geosynchronous satellites (26,200 miles). This is the closest recorded approach of an object this large. The asteroid 2012 DA14 was estimated to have a diameter of 30 meters [m] and a specific gravity of 3. If 2012 DA14 had hit the Earth, what is the total amount of energy that would have been released (i.e., what was the kinetic energy of the asteroid)? Express your answer in megatons [Mton]. One megaton is the energy released by one million metric tons of TNT explosive. A metric ton equals 1,000 kilograms [kg], and the explosive energy of TNT is 4,184 joules per gram [J/g].arrow_forwardThe synchrotron radiation (radio waves) that astronomers first observed from Jupiter in the 1950's comes from a. deep within Jupiter, in the metallic hydrogen layers b. high speed electrons spirling around the planet's strong magnetic field c. the upper-atmosphere clouds that more quickly near the equator of the planet d. the Red Spot with its tremendous frictionarrow_forward
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