When iron in the porphyrin ring is reduced from Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ , the changes in the porphyrin structure has to be accounted. Concept Introduction: Atomic radii: As the electron is added to the ion or neutral atom, size increases because electron–electron repulsion occurs and also effective nuclear charge decrease because due to addition of one more electron.

Question

Calculate the enthalpies of formation, Δ?∘f,Δ⁢Hf∘, of group 1 chloride compounds from their elements by using the Born–Haber cycle. Process Δ?∘, kJ/molΔ⁢H∘, kJ/mol Sublimation of K(s)K(s) 90 Sublimation of Rb(s)Rb(s) 86 Dissociation of Cl2(g)Cl2⁢(g) 244 Ionization energy of K(g)K(g) 419 Ionization energy of Rb(g)Rb(g) 403 Electron affinity of Cl(g)Cl(g) −349 Lattice enthalpy of KCl(s)KCl(s) 717 Lattice enthalpy of RbCl(s)RbCl(s) 695 Δ?∘fΔ⁢Hf∘ of KCl=KCl= kJ/molkJ/mol Δ?∘fΔ⁢Hf∘ of RbCl=RbCl= TOOLS x10y kJ/mol

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.6, Problem 2.4ACP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

When iron in the porphyrin ring is reduced from Fe3+ to Fe2+, the changes in the porphyrin structure has to be accounted.

Concept Introduction:

Atomic radii: As the electron is added to the ion or neutral atom, size increases because electron–electron repulsion occurs and also effective nuclear charge decrease because due to addition of one more electron.

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Calculate the enthalpies of formation, Δ?∘f,Δ⁢Hf∘, of group 1 chloride compounds from their elements by using the Born–Haber cycle. Process Δ?∘, kJ/molΔ⁢H∘, kJ/mol Sublimation of K(s)K(s) 90 Sublimation of Rb(s)Rb(s) 86 Dissociation of Cl2(g)Cl2⁢(g) 244 Ionization energy of K(g)K(g) 419 Ionization energy of Rb(g)Rb(g) 403 Electron affinity of Cl(g)Cl(g) −349 Lattice enthalpy of KCl(s)KCl(s) 717 Lattice enthalpy of RbCl(s)RbCl(s) 695 Δ?∘fΔ⁢Hf∘ of KCl=KCl= kJ/molkJ/mol Δ?∘fΔ⁢Hf∘ of RbCl=RbCl= TOOLS x10y kJ/mol

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Your roommate is having trouble understanding why solids form. He asks, “Why would atoms bond into solids rather than just floating freely with respect to each other?” To help him understand at least one type of bonding in solids, you decide to embark on an energy explanation. You show him a drawing of a primitive cell of a sodium chloride crystal, NaCl, or simple table salt. The drawing is shown in the picture below where the orange spheres and Na ions and blue spheres are Cl ions. Each ion has a charge of magnitude equal to the elementary charge e. The ions lie on the corners of a cube of side ‘d’. You explain to your roommate that the electrical potential energy is defined as zero when all eight charges are infinitely far apart from each other. Then you bring them together to form the crystal structure shown. (a) Evaluate the electric potential energy of the crystal as shown and (b) show that it is energetically favorable for such crystals to form.