Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399425
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
Chapter 8, Problem 120AP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the given compounds or molecules, the species that possesses 46.7% percent by mass of nitrogen atom is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The mass percent composition shows the relative amount of each and every element present in the compound.

The mass percent of any element in the given compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 120AP

The correct option is (d).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct option:

(d) The given molecule is NO.

The mass of 1mole of N present in NO is 14g/mol×1mol=14g.

The mass of 1mole of O present in NO is 15.99g/mol×1mol=15.99g.

Thus, the total mass of 1mole

NO is,

TotalmassofNO=14+15.99=29.99g.

The mass percent of an element present in the compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%

Substitute the respective values of mass of nitrogen and mass of NO in the above expression.

%Mass of N=14g29.99g×100%=46.7%

Thus, the percent by mass of nitrogen in NO is 46.7%.

Conclusion

Reasons for incorrect options:

(a) The given molecule is N2O5.

The mass of 2mole of N present in N2O5 is 14g/mol×2mol=28g.

The mass of 5mole of O present in N2O5 is 15.99g/mol×5mol=79.95g.

Thus, the total mass of 1mole

N2O5 is,

TotalmassofN2O5=28+79.95=107.95g.

The mass percent of an element present in the compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%

Substitute the respective values of mass of nitrogen and mass of N2O5 in the above expression.

%Mass of N=28g107.95g×100%=25.94%

Thus, the percent by mass of nitrogen in N2O5 is 25.94%.

(b) The given molecule is N2O.

The mass of 2mole of N present in N2O is 14g/mol×2mol=28g.

The mass of 1mole of O present in N2O is 15.99g/mol×1mol=15.99g.

Thus, the total mass of 1mole

N2O is,

TotalmassofN2O=28+15.99=43.99g.

The mass percent of an element present in the compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%

Substitute the respective values of mass of nitrogen and mass of N2O in the above expression.

%Mass of N=28g43.99g×100%=63.7%

Thus, the percent by mass of nitrogen in N2O is 63.7%.

(c) The given molecule is NO2.

The mass of 1mole of N present in NO2 is 14g/mol×1mol=14g.

The mass of 2mole of O present in NO2 is 15.99g/mol×2mol=31.98g.

Thus, the total mass of 1mole

NO2 is,

TotalmassofNO2=14+31.98=45.98g.

The mass percent of an element present in the compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%

Substitute the respective values of mass of nitrogen and mass of NO2 in the above expression.

%Mass of N=14g45.98g×100%=30.45%

Thus, the percent by mass of nitrogen in NO2 is 30.45%.

(e) The given molecule is NO3.

The mass of 1mole of N present in NO3 is 14g/mol×1mol=14g.

The mass of 1mole of O present in NO3 is 15.99g/mol×3mol=47.97g.

Thus, the total mass of 1mole

NO3 is,

TotalmassofNO3=14+47.97=61.97g.

The mass percent of an element present in the compound is calculated by the formula,

%Mass=MassofelementinonemoleofthecompoundMolarmassofthecompound×100%

Substitute the respective values of mass of nitrogen and mass of NO3 in the above expression.

%Mass of N=14g61.97g×100%=22.6%

Thus, the percent by mass of nitrogen in NO3 is 22.6%.

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

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