Mathematical Excursions (MindTap Course List)
Mathematical Excursions (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305965584
Author: Richard N. Aufmann, Joanne Lockwood, Richard D. Nation, Daniel K. Clegg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 15T
To determine

To decode:

The given message which is encrypted using the given congruence.

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Mathematical Excursions (MindTap Course List)

Ch. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 8ESCh. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 10ESCh. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 14ESCh. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 16ESCh. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 22ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 23ESCh. 8.1 - Military Time. Evaluate each expression, where +...Ch. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where + and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 26ESCh. 8.1 - Evaluate each expression, where + and indicate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 28ESCh. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 32ESCh. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 38ESCh. 8.1 - List five different natural numbers that are...Ch. 8.1 - List five different natural numbers that are...Ch. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (9+15)mod7Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 42ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (5+22)mod8Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 44ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (42+35)mod3Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 46ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (37+45)mod12Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 48ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 49ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (2510)mod4Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 51ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 52ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 53ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 54ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (1532)mod7Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 56ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (68)mod9Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 58ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 59ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 60ESCh. 8.1 - Perform the modular arithmetic. (1418)mod5Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 62ESCh. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 66ESCh. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 71ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 72ESCh. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 75ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 76ESCh. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 79ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 80ESCh. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 83ESCh. 8.1 - Find the additive inverse and the multiplicative...Ch. 8.1 - Find the additive inverse and the multiplicative...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 86ESCh. 8.1 - Find the additive inverse and the multiplicative...Ch. 8.1 - Find the additive inverse and the multiplicative...Ch. 8.1 - Modular division can be performed by considering...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 90ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 91ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 92ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 93ESCh. 8.1 - Modular division can be performed by considering...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 95ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 96ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 97ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 98ESCh. 8.1 - Prob. 99ESCh. 8.1 - Many people consider the 13th of the month an...Ch. 8.2 - What is the ciphertext for the word CODE?Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2EECh. 8.2 - Prob. 3EECh. 8.2 - Prob. 4EECh. 8.2 - Prob. 5EECh. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine whether the given number...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine whether the given number...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3ESCh. 8.2 - Prob. 4ESCh. 8.2 - Prob. 5ESCh. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine whether the given number...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 10ESCh. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 23ESCh. 8.2 - Prob. 24ESCh. 8.2 - Money Orders Some money orders have serial numbers...Ch. 8.2 - Money Orders Some money orders have serial numbers...Ch. 8.2 - Air Travel Many printed airline tickets contain a...Ch. 8.2 - Air Travel Many printed airline tickets contain a...Ch. 8.2 - Air Travel Many printed airline tickets contain a...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 30ESCh. 8.2 - Credit Card Numbers. Determine whether the given...Ch. 8.2 - Credit Card Numbers. Determine whether the given...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 33ESCh. 8.2 - Credit Card Numbers. Determine whether the given...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 35ESCh. 8.2 - Credit Card Numbers. Determine whether the given...Ch. 8.2 - Credit Card Numbers. Determine whether the given...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 38ESCh. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption. Encode the message by using a cyclical...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding. Use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding. Use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding. Use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding. Use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding, use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding, use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding, use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding, use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption Julius Caesar supposedly used an...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding Julius Caesar supposedly used an...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption Use the encrypting congruence...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption Use the encrypting congruence...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption Use the encrypting congruence...Ch. 8.2 - Encryption Use the encrypting congruence...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding Decode the message LOFT JGMK LBS MNWMK...Ch. 8.2 - Decoding Decode the message BTYW SCRBKN UCYN that...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 61ESCh. 8.2 - Decoding Decode the message GBBZ OJQBWJ TBR GJHI...Ch. 8.2 - Money Orders Explain why the method used to...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 64ESCh. 8.2 - Banking. When banks process an electronic funds...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1EECh. 8.3 - Prob. 2EECh. 8.3 - Prob. 3EECh. 8.3 - Prob. 4EECh. 8.3 - Prob. 5EECh. 8.3 - Prob. 1ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 4ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 5ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 6ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 9ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 10ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 11ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 12ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 13ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 14ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 15ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 16ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 17ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 18ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 19ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 20ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 21ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 22ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 23ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 24ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 25ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 26ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 27ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 28ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 29ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 30ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 31ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 32ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 33ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 34ESCh. 8.3 - Refer to the group of permutations of the numbers...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 36ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 37ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 38ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 39ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 40ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 41ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 42ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 43ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 44ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 45ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 46ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 47ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 48ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 49ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 50ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 51ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 52ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 53ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 54ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 55ESCh. 8.3 - Consider the set of elements a,b,c,d with the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 57ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 58ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 59ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 60ESCh. 8.3 - Prob. 61ESCh. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression. Where + and indicate...Ch. 8 - Evaluate each expression. Where + and indicate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RECh. 8 - Prob. 12RECh. 8 - Prob. 13RECh. 8 - Prob. 14RECh. 8 - Prob. 15RECh. 8 - Prob. 16RECh. 8 - Prob. 17RECh. 8 - Prob. 18RECh. 8 - Prob. 19RECh. 8 - Prob. 20RECh. 8 - Prob. 21RECh. 8 - Prob. 22RECh. 8 - Clocks and Calendars. Use modular arithmetic to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24RECh. 8 - Prob. 25RECh. 8 - Find all whole number solutions of the congruence...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27RECh. 8 - Prob. 28RECh. 8 - Prob. 29RECh. 8 - Prob. 30RECh. 8 - Prob. 31RECh. 8 - Prob. 32RECh. 8 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8 - ISBN Numbers. Determine the correct check digit...Ch. 8 - UPC Codes. Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8 - Prob. 36RECh. 8 - Prob. 37RECh. 8 - Prob. 38RECh. 8 - Prob. 39RECh. 8 - Prob. 40RECh. 8 - Encryption. Encode the message using a cyclical...Ch. 8 - Encryption. Encode the message using a cyclical...Ch. 8 - Encryption. Use a cyclical alphabetic encrypting...Ch. 8 - Prob. 44RECh. 8 - Encryption Use the encrypting congruence...Ch. 8 - Encryption Decode the message WEU LKGGMF NHM NMGN,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 47RECh. 8 - Prob. 48RECh. 8 - Prob. 49RECh. 8 - Prob. 50RECh. 8 - Prob. 51RECh. 8 - Prob. 52RECh. 8 - Prob. 53RECh. 8 - Use symbolic notation, shown below, for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 55RECh. 8 - Prob. 56RECh. 8 - Prob. 57RECh. 8 - Prob. 58RECh. 8 - Evaluate each expression, where and indicate...Ch. 8 - January 1, 2017, was a Sunday. What day of the...Ch. 8 - Determine whether the congruence is true or false....Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TCh. 8 - Prob. 5TCh. 8 - Prob. 6TCh. 8 - Scheduling Disregarding A.M. or P.M., if it is now...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TCh. 8 - Prob. 9TCh. 8 - Find the additive inverse and the multiplicative...Ch. 8 - ISBN Number Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8 - UPC Codes Determine the correct check digit for...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13TCh. 8 - Encryption Encrypt the plaintext message REPORT...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15TCh. 8 - Prob. 16TCh. 8 - Prob. 17TCh. 8 - Prob. 18TCh. 8 - In the permutation group of the numbers 1 2 3,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20T
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  • Rework Example 5 by breaking the message into two-digit blocks instead of three-digit blocks. What is the enciphered message using the two-digit blocks? Example 5: RSA Public Key Cryptosystem We first choose two primes (which are to be kept secret): p=17, and q=43. Then we compute m (which is to be made public): m=pq=1743=731. Next we choose e (to be made public), where e must be relatively prime to (p1)(q1)=1642=672. Suppose we take e=205. The Euclidean Algorithm can be used to verify that (205,672)=1. Then d is determined by the equation 1=205dmod672 Using the Euclidean Algorithm, we find d=613 (which is kept secret). The mapping f:AA, where A=0,1,2,...,730, defined by f(x)=x205mod731 is used to encrypt a message. Then the inverse mapping g:AA, defined by g(x)=x613mod731 can be used to recover the original message. Using the 27-letter alphabet as in Examples 2 and 3, the plaintext message no problem is translated into the message as follows: plaintext:noproblemmessage:13142615171401110412 The message becomes 13142615171401110412. This message must be broken into blocks mi, each of which is contained in A. If we choose three-digit blocks, each block mim=731. mi:13142615171401110412f(mi)=mi205mod731=ci:082715376459551593320 The enciphered message becomes 082715376459551593320 where we choose to report each ci with three digits by appending any leading zeros as necessary. To decipher the message, one must know the secret key d=613 and apply the inverse mapping g to each enciphered message block ci=f(mi): ci:082715376459551593320g(ci)=ci613mod731:13142615171401110412 Finally, by re-breaking the message back into two-digit blocks, one can translate it back into plaintext. Three-digitblockmessage:13142615171401110412Two-digitblockmessage:13142615171401110412Plaintext:noproblem The RSA Public Key Cipher is an example of an exponentiation cipher.
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