Chapter 8, Problem 164IP

### Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781305079243

Chapter
Section

### Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781305079243
Textbook Problem

# The preparation of NO2(g) from N2(g) and O2(g) is an endothermie reaction: N 2 ( g )   +  O 2 ( g )   →  NO 2 ( g )   ( u n b a l a n c e d ) The enthalpy change of reaction for the balanced equation (with lowest whole-number coefficients) is ∆H = 67.7 kJ. If 2.50 × 102 mL N2(g) at 100.°C and 3.50 atm and 4.50 × 102 mL O2(g) at 100.°C and 3.50 atm are mixed, what amount of heat is necessary to synthesize the maximum yield of NO2(g)?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The amount of heat is necessary to synthesize the maximum yield of NO2 in the given reaction is to be determined if the volumes of N2 and O2 gases are 2.50×102mL and 4.50×102mL respectively at 100oC and 3.5atm .

Concept introduction:

• Balance equation is the chemical equation of a reaction which is written according to law of conservation of mass.
• Number of moles of a substance, According to ideal gas equation,

Numberofmoles=Pressure×VolumeR×Temperature

• Mole ratios between the reactant and a product of a reaction are depends upon the coefficients of reactant and product in a balanced chemical equation.
• Limiting reagent: limiting reagent is a reactant, which consumes completely in the chemical reaction. The quantity of the product depends on this limiting reagent, it can be determined with the help of balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
Explanation

Explanation

To find: the balanced chemical equation of the given unbalanced equation of reaction.

N2+2O22NO2

The chemical equation of the reaction is given as,

N2+O2NO2

This equation is not balanced, Balanced equation is the chemical equation of a reaction which is written according to law of conservation of mass the mass of reactant molecules should conserve in product molecules.

The balanced chemical equation of the given reaction is,

Balance the molecules in both sides of arrow in order of atoms other than oxygen then oxygen atoms.

Therefore,

N2+2O22NO2

To find: the number of moles of N2 and O2 gases in the given reaction.

The number of moles of N2 is 2.86×102mol .

The number of moles of O2 is 5.15×102mol .

The volumes of N2 is given as 2.50×102mL=0.250L .

The volumes of O2 is given as 4.50×102mL=0.450L .

The pressure of N2 is given as 3.50atm .

The pressure of O2 is given as 3.50atm .

The temperature is 100oC=(100+273)K=373K

The equation for finding number of moles of a substance, According to ideal gas equation,

Numberofmoles=Pressure×VolumeR×Temperature

Therefore,

The number of moles of N2 in the given reaction is,

nN2=3.50atm×0.250L0.08206Latm/Kmol×373K=2.86×10-2mol

The number of moles of O2 in the given reaction is,

nO2=3.50atm×0.450L0.08206Latm/Kmol×373K=5.15×10-2mol

Hence,

The number of moles of N2 in the given reaction is 2.86×102mol .

The number of moles of O2 in the given reaction is 5.15×102mol

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