Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 9e, Access Code
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 9e, Access Code
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134536262
Author: Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 1CC

Complete the following table to compare mitosis and meiosis.

  Mitosis Meiosis
Number of chromosomal duplications    
Number of cell divisions    
Number of daughter cells produced    
Number of chromosomes in the daughter cells    
How the chromosomes line up during metaphase    
Genetic relationship of the daughter cells to the parent cell    
Functions performed in the human body    
Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

To explain: The comparison between mitosis and meiosis.

Concept introduction:

Mitosis is a type of cell division where two daughter cells are formed by the separation of a newly duplicated DNA. As the process is an asexual mode of reproduction, it plays an important role in single-celled eukaryotes. Meiosis is another type of cell division that decreases the chromosome number by half,which results in four haploid cells, each daughter cell will be genetically distinct from the parent cell.

Explanation of Solution

Both mitosis and meiosis are associated with cytokinesis. The results of the two processes will be daughter cells. The sequence of events in mitosis and meiosis is same but in meiosis it occurs twice. The processes differ in two ways. Meiosis undergoes genetic separation and cellular division twice, while the mitosis has only one cycle.

Completed table is given below:

Mitosis Meiosis
Number of chromosomal duplications 1 1
Number of cell divisions 1 2
Number of daughter cells produced 2 4
Number of chromosomes in daughter cells 46 23
How the chromosomes line up during metaphase line up as single chromosomes in the middle pair of homologous chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate
Genetic relationship of daughter cell to parent cell Identical Different
Function performed in human body Somatic cells Reproductive cells
  • Number of chromosomal duplications:In both mitosis and meiosis, the cell duplicates its chromosomesonly once. Hence, 1 is the correct answer for both mitosis and meiosis.
  • Number of cell divisions: Only one cell division occurs in mitosis, whereas two cell divisions occurs during meiosis called meiosis І and meiosis ІІ. Hence, 1 is the answer for mitosis and 2 for meiosis.
  • Number of daughter cells produced: Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells, whereas mitosis gives two identical diploid cells. Hence, 2 is the correct answer for mitosis and 4 is the correct answer for meiosis.
  • Number of chromosomes in daughter cells: A mitotic daughter cell contains 46 chromosomes (diploid), whereas a meiotic daughter cell contains 23 chromosomes (haploid). Hence, 46 is the correct answer for mitosis and 23 is correct answer for meiosis.
  • How the chromosomes line up during metaphase:  Mitosis line up as single chromosome in the middleof the cell; while in meiosis, a pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is line up as single chromosomes in the middle and for meiosisis a pair of homologous chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate.
  • Genetic relationship of daughter cell to parent cell: The daughter cells are identical to parents in mitotic division; whereas in meiosis, the daughter cells are different. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is identical and for meiosis isdifferent.
  • Function performed in human body: Mitosis results in somatic cells, whereas reproductive cells are formed as a result of meiosis. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is somatic cells and for meiosis is reproductive cells.

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Students have asked these similar questions
Table below presents the criteria to be used in comparing mitosis and meiosis. Provide the missing information   CRITERIA MITOSIS MEIOSIS Presence of synapses     presence of crossing over     cell type that undergoes cell division     number of daughter cells formed     DNA content of cells at start of division     DNA content of daughter cells     genetic consequences
. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. Consider the following factors: Number of times DNA is replicated Number of cell divisions Number of daughter cells produced “Ploidy” of daughter cells Type of cells in which the process occurs Number and genetic make-up of chromosomes in parent cell compared to daughter cells
In a tabular form, differentiate mitosis and meiosis using the following criteria: Chromosome number of daughter cells Stages Synapsis Crossing over Cell type Number of cells formed Genetic consequences
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