Chapter 8, Problem 8.1P

To determine

(a)

The definition and significance of temperature scale.

Explanation of Solution

Temperature Scale − It is a scale in which quantitatively, the numerical values are established to measure the temperature. There are different types of temperature scales like Kelvin scale for S.I. units and Rankine scale for U.S. custom units.

The significance of temperature scale is to measure temperatures.

To determine

(b)

The definition and significance of temperature standards.

Explanation of Solution

Temperature Standards- These are the fixed values which are based on the thermodynamic definition of temperature. They are recognized at different levels and formally adopted.

The significance of temperature standards is that it provides a way for the measurement of temperature and how the measured value can be reproduced.

To determine

(c)

The definition and significance of fixed points.

Explanation of Solution

Fixed Points: These are the values obtained from the experimentally proven reproducible conditions for a temperature value.

The significance of fixed points is that they help us to reach out the correct temperature measurement values and provide a way to reach an accurate measured temperature value.

To determine

(d)

The definition and significance of interpolation.

Explanation of Solution

Interpolation: Without a fixed-point calibration the process of establishing ${50}^{\circ }\text{C}$ is known as interpolation. New data points are constructing by this method, within the given range of a discrete set of known data points.

Its significance is that it is used as a method for determining temperatures in measurement apart from those defined on temperature scale by fixed points. Platinum RTD is frequently used as the interpolating instrument for most applications.