researcher selects a sample from a population with a mean of m = 40 and administers a treatment to the individuals in the sample. If the treatment is expected to decrease scores, which of the following is the correct statement of the null hypothesis for a one-tailed test?​   a. m < 40 b. m < 40 ​c. m > 40 d. m > 40

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Confidence Intervals

When we calculate intervals in probability and statistics, it can be simply termed as finding out a confidence interval. The confidence interval is usually calculated from the data set which is observed. The value of the parameter that needs to be calculated is present here only.