Explanation The international trade is the exchange of goods and services between different nations in the world. The exchange will take place and the main two processes are the export and imports. The exports is the sale of domestic goods to the foreigners and imports is the vice versa. Option (a): When the domestic price of the commodity is lower than the price in the foreign countries, it denotes that the domestic country is able to produce the good at lower opportunity cost than the foreign countries. The ability to produce the good at lower opportunity cost is known as the comparative advantages and thus when there is an international trade opening in the country, the demand for the domestic steel will increase and the country will become the exporter of steel and so, option 'a' is correct. Option (b): When the domestic price of the commodity is lower than the price in the foreign countries, it denotes that the domestic country is able to produce the good at lower opportunity cost than the foreign countries...

The advantage to the nation.

Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)

7th Edition

ISBN: 9781285165912

Author: N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Definition Video Definition Ability of a country to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. Here, opportunity cost refers to the forgone units of one good in order to produce one more unit of another good. For example, the opportunity cost of producing good X in country A is 2Y and in country B is 1.25Y. Country B has a lower opportunity cost of producing good X than country A. Therefore, country B has a comparative advantage in the production of good X. Video

Chapter 9, Problem 1QCMC

To determine

The advantage to the nation.

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In Japan, one worker can make 5 tons of rubber or 80 radios. In Malaysia, one worker can make 10 tons of rubber or 40 radios. Who has the absolute advantage in the production of rubber or radios? How can you tell? Calculate the opportunity cost of producing 80 additional radios in Japan and in Malaysia. (Your calculation may involve fractions, which is fine,) Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of radios? Calculate the opportunity cost of producing 10 additional tons of rubber in Japan and in Malaysia. Which country has a comparative advantage in producing rubber? In this example, does each country have an absolute advantage and a comparative advantage in the same good? In what product should Japan specialize? In what product should Malaysia specialize?
You just overheard your friend say the following: Poor countries like Malawi have no absolute advantages. They have poor soil, low investments in formal education and hence low-skill workers, no capital, and no natural resources to speak of. Because they have no advantage, they cannot benefit from trade. How would you respond?

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